Semi-solid processing of high-entropy alloys: emerging pathways for microstructural engineering and superior properties

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Abstract
High entropy alloys (HEAs) are an advanced class of multi-principal element materials, while semi-solid processing (SSP) is a well-established technique for conventional alloys but relatively unexplored in the context of HEAs. Although both HEAs and SSP have been extensively studied independently, only limited research has addressed SSP of HEAs. This paper reviews HEAs, their strengthening mechanisms, alloy design strategies, and manufacturing routes, followed by a discussion of SSP approaches applied to HEAs. Several HEAs demonstrate promising mechanical and radiation-resistant properties, suggesting potential applications in aerospace and nuclear sectors. SSP may promote globular microstructures and microstructural refinement, which can enhance mechanical performance depending on alloy composition and processing parameters. Cooling slope casting, a variant of SSP that has received limited attention for HEAs, represents a promising direction for future research.

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