Evaluation of lipid levels and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio as possible risk markers of intracerebral hemorrhage

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Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the utility of lipid parameters individually and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C) ratio as a possible risk marker for intracerebral hemorrhages (ICH). Materials and Methods: This was a multicenter, retrospective case-control study that included 226 patients with ICH and 226 controls. Lipid parameters were evaluated after 12 h of fasting in patients whose ICH was confirmed by brain computed tomography, and no underlying vascular, traumatic, or metabolic cause could be found. Results: The mean LDL-C levels and mean total cholesterol (TC) levels did not differ in in the patient and control groups. The mean HDL-C levels in the patient groups were significantly lower whereas triglyceride (TG) levels were significantly higher. In the patient and control groups, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio was 2.65±1.10 and 2.94±1.13 (p=0.006), TG/HDL-C ratio was 3.60±2.72 and 4.47±3.25 (p=0.002), and TC/HDL-C ratio was 4.37±1.49 and 4.83 ± 1.56 (p=0.002), respectively. Conclusion: Increased TG and decreased HDL-C levels were found to be associated with ICHs. However LDL-C/HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, and TG/HDL-C ratios were low in the patient group. Therefore, we can conclude that these lipid ratios give clearer and more significant results in determining the risk of hemorrhage.

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