Unconstrained ear recognition using deep neural networks

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Abstract
The authors perform unconstrained ear recognition using transfer learning with deep neural networks (DNNs). First, they show how existing DNNs can be used as a feature extractor. The extracted features are used by a shallow classifier to perform ear recognition. Performance can be improved by augmenting the training dataset with small image transformations. Next, they compare the performance of the feature‐extraction models with fine‐tuned networks. However, because the datasets are limited in size, a fine‐tuned network tends to over‐fit. They propose a deep learning‐based averaging ensemble to reduce the effect of over‐fitting. Performance results are provided on unconstrained ear recognition datasets, the AWE and CVLE datasets as well as a combined AWE + CVLE dataset. They show that their ensemble results in the best recognition performance on these datasets as compared to DNN feature‐extraction based models and single fine‐tuned models.

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