Three-Dimensional Single-Sided Marchenko Inverse Scattering, Data-Driven Focusing, Green’s Function Retrieval, and their Mutual Relations

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Abstract
The one-dimensional Marchenko equation forms the basis for inverse scattering problems in which the scattering object is accessible from one side only. Here we derive a three-dimensional (3D) Marchenko equation which relates the single-sided reflection response of a 3D inhomogeneous medium to a field inside the medium. We show that this equation is solved by a 3D iterative data-driven focusing method, which yields the 3D Green's function with its virtual source inside the medium. The 3D single-sided Marchenko equation and its iterative solution method form the basis for imaging of 3D strongly scattering inhomogeneous media that are accessible from one side only.

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