Multiple Hydrogen-Electrode Catheter for Determination of Cardiac Shunts

Authors:
  • LLLouis Levy
    Louis Levy
  • RFRichard Fowler
    Richard Fowler
  • DKDaniel Kirkley
    Daniel Kirkley
  • HAHarold Albert
    Harold Albert
  • JMJorge Lopez Martinez
    Jorge Lopez Martinez
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Abstract
SINCE Clark and Bargeron** introduced the hydrogen-electrode principle for detection of intracardiac shunts, this method has found widespread application.We have recently utilized a 100-cm. single-lumen No.6 Cournand-type cardiac catheter with three radiopaque platinum electrodes (Fig. 1 and 2) to facilitate the determination of the site of a left-to-right shunt. The distal electrode is 1 mm. from the tip of the catheter; the second electrode is 6 cm. proximal, and the third electrode is 16 cm. proximal to the tip. These electrodes are connected by insulated platinum wire woven into the lining of the catheter to three 1-cm. copper sleeves . . .