Chapter 1 is an introduction to the unusual approach of introducing racial justice in a high-school biological sciences classroom. It begins with the key observation that ultimately race-based oppression is always justified by science; that is, that there is some inherent biological determinism to racial hierarchies. A brief introduction to evolutionary biology as the unifying concept of the biosciences is given, followed by the point that as a result of the human developmental trajectory, high school is an excellent time to introduce such topics to students; who will have the intellectual maturity to distinguish between robust and weak science, as well as sufficient abstract reasoning to understand right, wrong, and moral ambiguity. It serves as contextual background for the three Lessons that are presented in Chapters 2–4.