SUMMARY The improvement of the excavation's methods and the results of the quaternary studies allows to accumulate many stratified magdalenian levels, which are well replaced in an accurate chronological frame. It justify, for us, a new possibility of structuration of the french Magdalenian. After an abstract on the story of the several classifications of the Magdalenian and the definition of the palaeoclimatology, given by the quaternary studies and the absolute datations (14C), the results of the data processing show the breaking between Badegoulian and Magdalenian and distinguish three groups in the lithic industries of the Magdalenian. These groups are replaced in their chronological framework, then in their regional environment. This trial of the Magdalenian's patterning is compared with the main models, developped by different authors. These results allow to complete the classical model, today really insatisfaying. The authors finally analyse the results of this preliminary study in reference with known models concerning the Magdalenian patterning.