Comparative Analysis of the Metabolic Profiles of Yellow- versus Black-Seeded Rapeseed Using UPLC–HESI–MS/MS and Transcriptome Analysis

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Abstract
The high levels of secondary metabolites in rapeseed play important roles in determining oil quality and feeding value. Here, we characterized the metabolic profiles in seeds of various yellow- and black-seeded rapeseed accessions. 248 features were characterized, including 31 phenolic acids, 54 flavonoids, 24 glucosinolates, 65 lipid compounds, and 74 other polar compounds. The most abundant phenolic acids and various flavonoids (epicatechin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, quercetin, and their derivatives) were widely detected and showed significant differences in distribution between the yellow- and black-seeded rapeseed. Furthermore, the related genes (e.g., BnTT3, BnTT18, BnTT10, BnTT12, and BnBAN) involved in the proanthocyanidin pathway had lower expression levels in yellow-seeded rapeseed, strongly suggesting that the seedcoat color could be mainly determined by the levels of epicatechin and their derivatives. These results improve our understanding of the primary constituents of rapeseed and lay the foundation for breeding novel varieties with high nutritional value.
Funding Information
  • State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (B12006)
  • Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (B12006, XDJK2020B030)
  • Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2018YFD0100500)
  • Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality (cstc2017jcyjAX0321, cstc2018jcyjA1219)
  • Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China (CARS-12)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (31830067)

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