Podocytopenia, parietal epithelial cells and glomerulosclerosis

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Abstract
An estimated 5–10% of the total population is affected by chronic renal disease, which is considered a major cardio vascular risk factor. Diseases of civilization such as arterial hypertension, obesity, old age and diabetes are the most common prime risk factors for developing focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and subsequent progressive loss of renal function. Many of the affected patients are unaware of their condition, so that the first manifestation of the renal disease epidemic is often cardiovascular events such as stroke or myocardial infarction. There is still no specific therapy available to treat FSGS. The major reason is that the exact pathogenesis of FSGS is incompletely resolved. However, in recent years major advances have been made, some of which will be highlighted here.

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