Characterization of Intact Proviruses in Blood and Lymph Node from HIV-Infected Individuals Undergoing Analytical Treatment Interruption

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Abstract
HIV-1 persists as a latent infection in CD4 + T cells that can be found in lymphoid tissues in infected individuals during ART. However, the importance of this tissue reservoir and its contribution to viral rebound upon ART interruption are not clear. In this study, we sought to compare latent HIV-1 from blood and lymph node CD4 + T cells from five HIV-1-infected individuals. Further, we analyzed the contribution of lymph node viruses to viral rebound. We observed that the frequencies of intact proviruses were the same in blood and lymph node. Moreover, expanded clones of T cells bearing identical proviruses were found in blood and lymph node. These latent reservoir sequences did not appear to be the direct origin of rebound virus. Instead, latent proviruses were found to contribute to the rebound compartment by recombination.
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Funding Information
  • Danish Council for Independent Research (6110-00163)
  • The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (OPP1092074, OPP1124068)
  • National Institute of Health (1UM1-AI100663, R01AI-129795)
  • Einstein-Rockefeller-CUNY Center for AIDS Research (1P30AI124414-01A1)
  • BEAT-HIV Delaney Grant (UM1 AI126620)
  • Robertson Fund
  • HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (K23AI136578)
  • Aarhus Universitet

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