Mechanochemical synthesis and electrical conductivity of nanocrystalline δ-Bi2O3 stabilized by HfO2 and ZrO2
Open Access
- 1 January 2009
- journal article
- Published by National Library of Serbia in Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society
- Vol. 74 (12) , 1401-1411
Abstract
A powder mixture of ?-Bi2O3 and HfO2, in the molar ratio 2:3, was mechanochemically treated in a planetary ball mill under air, using zirconium oxide vials and balls as the milling medium. After 50 h of milling, the mechanochemical reaction led to the formation of a nanocrystalline ?-Bi2O3 phase (fluorite-type solid solution Bi0.78Hf0.59Zr0.63O3.61), with a crystallite size of 20 nm. The mechanochemical reaction started at a very beginning of milling accompanied by an accumulation of ZrO2 arising from the milling tools. The samples prepared after various milling times were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and DSC analysis. The electrical properties of the as-milled and pressed Bi0.78Hf0.59Zr0.63O3.61 powder were studied using impedance spectroscopy in the temperature range from 100 to 700?C under air. The electrical conductivity was determined to be 9.43?10-6 and 0.080 S cm-1 for the temperatures of 300 and 700?C, respectively.Keywords
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