Quantification of the heterogeneity of the unsaturated zone based on environmental deuterium observed in lysimeter experiments
Authors:
- Christine StumppCSChristine Stumpp
- Piotr MaloszewskiPMPiotr Maloszewski
- Willibald StichlerWSWillibald Stichler
- Stanislaw MaciejewskiSMStanislaw Maciejewski
- 1 August 2007
- journal article
- Published by Taylor & Francis in Hydrological Sciences Journal
- Vol. 52 (4) , 748-762
Abstract
An approach is presented which enables the quantification, in integrative form, of the preferential flow and the heterogeneity in water transport through the unsaturated zone under natural atmospheric conditions. For these purposes, deuterium transport was estimated in seven lysimeters filled with different sediment materials by applying a conceptual model, which consists of preferential and matrix flow paths for each using the lumped parameter approach. The piston flow and dispersion transit time distribution functions were assumed, for preferential and matrix flow paths, respectively. Weekly 2H data measured in precipitation (1984–1991) were taken as the input function. Combining modelling of isotopes and hydrological data enabled the quantification of preferential flow rates. The fraction of preferential flow directly appearing in the outflow within one week varied between 17 and 30%. The fraction of preferential flow was practically independent of the soil texture and flow rates. The crucial ... Résumé Cette étude présente une approche qui permet de quantifier sous une forme intégrative l'écoulement préférentiel et l'hétérogénéité du transfert hydrique en milieu non saturé et sous les conditions atmosphériques naturelles. Grâce à un dispositif de sept lysimètres remplis de sédiments de natures diverses, il a été possible d'estimer le transport du deutérium par application d'un modèle conceptuel qui utilise l'approche globale pour l'écoulement préférentiel et pour l'écoulement de matrice. Les fonctions de distribution du temps de transit de l'écoulement convectif et de l'écoulement de dispersion ont été supposées, respectivement pour l'écoulement préférentiel et pour l'écoulement de matrice. Les données de mesures hebdomadaires de 2H dans les eaux de précipitations (1984–1991) ont été prises comme fonction d'entrée. En combinant la modélisation des isotopes et les données hydrologiques, les débits d'écoulement préférentiel ont pu être quantifiés. La fraction de l'écoulement préférentiel contribuan...Keywords
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