“It Is My Responsibility to Escort My Child to School …” Factors Influencing Parental Involvement in Educating Children with Disabilities in Malawi

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Abstract
This study aimed to explore the factors that influence parental involvement in supporting 7 the education of children with disabilities in Malawi, thereby generating insights into the barriers 8 and facilitators they face. We conducted focus groups and in-depth interviews with 25 participants 9 from the Nkhata Bay District: teachers, parents, and children with disabilities. We used the COM-B 10 model to analyse how parents' capabilities, opportunities, and behaviours influence their involve- 11 ment in their children's education. The study revealed that parents of children with disabilities 12 showed willingness, optimism about their children's future, and a strong sense of responsibility for 13 their education. However, factors such as the limited knowledge of children's learning needs, time, 14 low confidence, and financial challenges have constrained their involvement. Schools and commu- 15 nities frequently limit participation opportunities by not consistently practicing or championing pa- 16 rental involvement in policies or actions. The study sheds light on the complex interplay between 17 knowledge, practical constraints, and external support systems that shape parental involvement in 18 the education of children with disabilities. Further research aimed at creating tailored and context- 19 relevant interventions to improve parental involvement in the education of children with disabilities 20 in low-income settings is required.

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