Novel Battery Equalizer-Charger Symbiosis Structure based on Three-Port DC-DC Converters

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Abstract
In electric vehicles and battery energy storage systems, hundreds of battery cells are grouped into battery modules and they are connected in series to make a battery pack for effective energy management. In addition to the conventional cell balancing within a module, module equalization within a pack is also required, but another external circuit makes cost and volume issues. This paper proposes a novel battery equalizer-charger symbiosis structure to mitigate the problem. A bi-directional three-port converter is presented and six possible operation modes are suggested, where the secondary port serves as a pack-charger and the tertiary port is docked to a switch-matrix to balance the battery modules. The test results from the real-time simulation for 5 battery modules are implemented to verify the performance of the proposed structure. It found that the SOC levels of modules are equalized within 0.5% in our tests.
Funding Information
  • National Research Foundation

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