Comparison and Testing of Time Synchronization Accuracy between IEEE 1588v2 and IEEE 802.1AS

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Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of IEEE 1588v2 (Precision Time Protocol version 2, PTPv2) and IEEE 802.1AS (Generalized Precision Time Protocol, gPTP), two major protocols used for high-precision time synchronization in industrial networks. We first outline the technical principles of PTPv2 and gPTP, and then identify several common factors that affect their synchronization accuracy, including asymmetric transmission delay, path delay, timestamp sampling points, clock frequency and resolution, measurement methods for path delay, clock drift and jitter, control algorithms, and sync message transmission frequency. Through a comparative analysis, we highlight key differences between these two protocols and discuss their implications for synchronization accuracy, fault tolerance, concurrency, and scalability. We also introduce a time synchronization testing environment that was built using existing laboratory equipment and elaborate on its construction and testing setup. The paper concludes with a thorough experimental comparison of PTPv2 and gPTP, offering valuable insights into their performance in real-world scenarios. The results of our study can guide network engineers in choosing the most suitable time synchronization protocol for their specific industry requirements.

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