Gut microbiome composition in patients with liver cirrhosis with and without hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors:
Open Access
- 27 January 2025
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. in World Journal of Hepatology
- Vol. 17 (1) , 100377
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome is associated with hepatic encephalopathy (HE), but research results on the gut microbiome characteristics of patients with liver cirrhosis with and without HE are inconsistent. AIM To study the gut microbiota characteristics of patients with liver cirrhosis with and without HE. METHODS We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases using two keywords, HE, and gut microbiome. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, suitable literature was screened to extract data on the diversity and composition of the fecal microbiota in patients with liver cirrhosis with and without HE. The data were analyzed using RevMan and STATA. RESULTS Seventeen studies were included: (1) A meta-analysis of 7 studies revealed that the Shannon index in liver cirrhosis patients with HE was significantly lower than that in patients without HE [-0.20, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.28 to -0.13, I2 = 20%]; (2) The relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae (-2.73, 95%CI: -4.58 to -0.87, I2 = 38%) and Ruminococcaceae (-2.93, 95%CI: -4.29 to -1.56, I2 = 0%) in liver cirrhosis patients with HE was significantly lower than those in patients without HE; (3) In patients with HE, Enterococcus , Proteobacteria , Enterococcaceae , and Enterobacteriaceae proportions increased, but Ruminococcaceae , Lachnospiraceae , Prevotellaceae , and Bacteroidetes proportions decreased; (4) Differences in the fecal metabolome between liver cirrhosis patients with and without HE were detected; and (5) Differential gut microbiomes may serve as diagnostic and prognostic tools. CONCLUSION The gut microbiomes of patients with liver cirrhosis with and without HE differ. Some gut microbiomes may distinguish liver cirrhosis patients with or without HE and determine patient prognosis.Keywords
This publication has 61 references indexed in Scilit:
- Distinct responsiveness to rifaximin in patients with hepatic encephalopathy depends on functional gut microbial speciesHepatology Communications, 2022
- A Randomized Clinical Trial of Fecal Microbiota Transplant for Alcohol Use DisorderHepatology, 2020
- Liver transplant modulates gut microbial dysbiosis and cognitive function in cirrhosisLiver Transplantation, 2017
- Fecal microbiota transplant from a rational stool donor improves hepatic encephalopathy: A randomized clinical trialHepatology, 2017
- Proton pump inhibitors as a risk factor for hepatic encephalopathy and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis with ascitesHepatology, 2016
- Gut microbiota drive the development of neuroinflammatory response in cirrhosis in miceHepatology, 2016
- Salivary microbiota reflects changes in gut microbiota in cirrhosis with hepatic encephalopathyHepatology, 2015
- Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study Of Liver Diseases and the European Association for the Study of the LiverHepatology, 2014
- Characterization of fecal microbial communities in patients with liver cirrhosisHepatology, 2011
- Viridans group streptococci causing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and bacteremia in patients with end-stage liver diseaseLiver Transplantation, 2008