Electromagnetic total-f algorithm for gyrokinetic particle-in-cell simulations of boundary plasma in XGC

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Abstract
The simplified δf mixed-variable/pullback electromagnetic simulation algorithm implemented in XGC for core plasma simulations by Cole et al. [Phys. Plasmas 28, 034501 (2021)] has been generalized to a total-f electromagnetic algorithm that can include, for the first time, the boundary plasma in diverted magnetic geometry with neutral particle recycling, turbulence, and neoclassical physics. The δf mixed-variable/pullback electromagnetic implementation is based on the pioneering work by Kleiber and Mischenko et al. [Kleiber et al., Phys. Plasmas 23, 032501 (2016); Mishchenko et al., Comput. Phys. Commun. 238, 194 (2019)]. An electromagnetic demonstration simulation is performed in a DIII-D-like, H-mode boundary plasma, including a corresponding comparative electrostatic simulation, which confirms that the electromagnetic simulation is necessary for a higher fidelity understanding of the electron particle and heat transport even at the low-β pedestal foot in the vicinity of the magnetic separatrix.
Funding Information
  • U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-09CH11466)
  • U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC05-00OR22725)
  • U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-06CH11357)
  • U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-05CH11231)

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