Flame retardant flexible poly(vinyl chloride) compound for cable application

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Abstract
ZnO/MgO, ZnO/CaO, and ZnO/CaO/MgO can form solid solutions. The solid solution for we as flame retardant (SSFR) was obtained by annealing at 1023 K for 4.5 h in a muffle furnace. Flexible poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) filled with SSFR and Sb2O3 was investigated by differential thermal analysis thermogravimetry. Limiting oxygen index (LOI), mechanical properties, and electrical properties were studied. The surface of the char formed after combusting of the PVC compounds was observed through scanning electron microscopy and the effect of the surface area to the LOI was also studied. The data suggested that a small amount of SSFR and Sb2O3 have good synergy and can greatly increase the LOI and the char yield, and that the thermal degradation temperature and the activation energy decreased. It can be concluded that the mechanism of SSFR is a condensed‐phase mechanism. Moreover, one can conclude that the surface area can enhance the LOI. All the results showed that SSFR is effective and safe as a flame retardant in flexible PVC. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 3137–3142, 2003

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