Income inequality and adherence to 24-hour movement guideline recommendations among adolescents: a multilevel growth curve analysis using longitudinal data from three waves of the Cannabis, Obesity, Mental health, Physical activity, Sedentary behaviour and Smoking (COMPASS) study (2016–2019)

Authors:
Publisher website
Google Scholar
Abstract
Background There is a paucity of literature regarding income inequality and adolescent movement behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviours, sleep). This study examined whether income inequality was associated with meeting Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (24HMG) recommendations among adolescents over time. Methods Longitudinal data from adolescents (n=9299) in the Cannabis, Obesity, Mental health, Physical activity, Sedentary behaviour and Smoking study (2016–2017 to 2018–2019) were linked with income data at the census division (CD) level from the 2016 Canadian Census. Adolescents (aged 13–19 years) reported on their physical activity, sleep duration and screen time via questionnaire. Gini coefficients were calculated at the CD level using after-tax household income from the 2016 Canadian Census. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were performed to test the association between income inequality and meeting several 24HMG recommendations. Results The joint effect (income inequality*time) was significant for meeting the sleep duration recommendation (2017–2018 OR=0.83, 95% CI 0.74, 0.92; 2018–2019 OR=0.77, 95% CI 0.70, 0.86; p0.05) for screen time or physical activity independently of sleep. Conclusion Adolescents attending schools in areas with greater income inequality may be at higher risk for inadequate sleep and combined short sleep and physical inactivity.
Funding Information
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research (OF7 B1-PCPEGT 410-10-9633, PJT-148562, PJT-149092, PJT-159693)
  • Stollery Children’s Hospital Foundation (Not applicable)
  • Institute of Population and Public Health (MOP-114875, PJT-180262)
  • Canada Research Chairs (Not applicable)
  • Women and Children’s Health Research Institute (Not applicable)
  • Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes (OOP-110788)
  • Alberta Women’s Health Foundation (Not applicable)
  • Direction régionale de santé publique du CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale (Not applicable)
  • Health Canada (#1617-HQ-000012)
  • Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux of the province of Québec (Not applicable)

This publication has 30 references indexed in Scilit: