UCl3-Type Crystalline Oxychloride Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Abstract
Halide solid-state electrolytes are promising for next-generation all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries due to their high ionic conductivity and wide electrochemical windows. While most research focuses on close-packed crystal structures, nonclose-packed frameworks─exemplified by UCl3-type structures─offer unique advantages in enhancing lithium-ion transport via reduced diffusion barriers. Here, we report a new family of UCl3-type crystalline oxychloride electrolytes, Li0.388+xLa0.475Ta0.238Cl3-xOx (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.388, LLTCO), synthesized via rapid high-energy shake milling. The material with an optimized composition (x = 0.15) exhibits high ionic conductivity above 2 mS cm-1 at 30 °C, oxidative stability exceeding 5 V vs Li/Li+, and excellent mechanical compressibility. Moreover, the LLTCO-based Li-Li symmetric cells show a long cycle life, indicating their strong capacity to suppress lithium dendrite formation. Spectroscopy analyses reveal the successful incorporation of oxygen, which preferentially substitutes Cl- around Ta5+ sites without compromising crystallinity, even at a high oxygen content. The oxygen incorporation further promotes the formation of Li environments with fast dynamics, accounting for the enhanced conductivity. All-solid-state batteries utilizing the optimized oxychloride electrolyte in conjunction with Ni-rich cathodes demonstrate enhanced reversible capacities compared to their undoped counterparts. This work highlights the benefits of nonclose-packed UCl3-type oxychloride electrolytes, offering new design strategies for high-performance all-solid-state batteries.
Funding Information
  • ShanghaiTech University
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (22222204, 52302286)

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