Exploring the Potential of Macauba Biomass: A Bibliometric Approach to Biofuels and Other Byproducts

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Abstract
Macauba palm ( Acrocomia spp.) is a perennial, fruit‐bearing plant native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, predominantly found in South and Central America. Belonging to the Arecaceae family, it thrives in diverse climatic conditions and is characterized by its oil‐rich fruits, suitable as feedstock to produce various biofuels. Within Acrocomia genus, species such as Acrocomia aculeata , Acrocomia totai , and Acrocomia intumescens are of industrial interest due to their potential role in energy production. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of scientific research focused on macauba biomass, emphasizing their potential applications in bioenergy and value‐added byproduct development. The analysis was conducted using RStudio and Bibliometrix, based on data retrieved from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The resulting bibliometric data allowed for a detailed evaluation of material characterization and emerging research trends, highlighting a growing interest in biofuel production or other products, particularly biodiesel, sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), and biochar, within Brazil and South America countries. Among the byproducts of oil extraction, the residual cake from the pulp and kernel have been widely studied, especially for applications in animal, human nutrition and adsorbents for pollutant removal. The endocarp has attracted crescent attention for production of biochar and adsorbent materials for heavy metals remediation. Over the past decade, research has also expanded to previously underexplored components such as the epicarp (husk) and leaves, revealing their potential as a secondary lipid source and raw material for biochar, briquettes, and enzymatic processes. Recent studies point out the mass distribution of macauba fruit components is approximately 22.6% epicarp (husk), 42.6% mesocarp (pulp), 28.4% endocarp, and 6.4% kernel. The diversity of biomass fractions and transformation routes underscores the significant potential of macauba and its residues to support the bioeconomy through the development of biofuels, adsorbents, and other high‐value bioproducts.
Funding Information
  • Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (88887.980063/2024‐00)

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