Predictive Factors for Pure Steatosis in Alcoholic Patients

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Abstract
Background:  Bearing in mind the mechanisms involved in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, this study aims to verify whether metabolic syndrome or its various individual components are independent predictive factors for steatosis ≥10% in alcoholic patients.Methods:  This study included 281 consecutive alcoholic patients with abnormal liver tests and either normal liver histology or steatosis n = 119) or steatosis ≥10% (n = 162). Logistic regression analysis was used to study the relationship between metabolic syndrome components and various risk factors and the presence of steatosis ≥10%. We assessed apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA‐1) levels, a major protein component of plasma high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), rather than HDL‐cholesterol levels.Results:  Plasma ApoA‐1 levels (p < 0.01), body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.01), and waist circumference (p < 0.05) were significantly higher in patients with steatosis ≥10% than in patients with normal liver histology or steatosis p = 0.003) than patients with normal liver histology or steatosis r = 0.55 ± 0.26; p < 0.05). On the other hand, when the presence of high blood pressure was the dependent variable, the presence of steatosis ≥10% positively and independently correlated with it [OR = 1.82 (1.05–3.15)].Conclusion:  In alcoholic patients without fibrosis, ApoA‐1, BMI, and high blood pressure on the next morning after the admission were predictive of steatosis ≥10%. High blood pressure was the only metabolic syndrome component associated with the presence of alcoholic steatosis ≥10% and was not correlated with other metabolic syndrome components. These findings suggest that steatosis mechanisms are different in alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver.

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