Generating High Dimensional User-Specific Wireless Channels Using Diffusion Models

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Abstract
Deep neural network (DNN)-based algorithms are emerging as an important tool for many physical and MAC layer functions in future wireless communication systems, including for large multi-antenna channels. However, training such models typically requires a large dataset of high-dimensional channel measurements, which are very difficult and expensive to obtain. This paper introduces a novel method for generating synthetic wireless channel data using diffusion-based models to produce user-specific channels that accurately reflect real-world wireless environments. Our approach employs a conditional denoising diffusion implicit model (cDDIM) framework, effectively capturing the relationship between user location and multi-antenna channel characteristics. We generate synthetic high fidelity channel samples using user positions as conditional inputs, creating larger augmented datasets to overcome measurement scarcity. The utility of this method is demonstrated through its efficacy in training various downstream tasks such as channel compression and beam alignment. Our diffusion-based augmentation approach achieves over a 1-2 dB gain in NMSE for channel compression, and an 11 dB SNR boost in beamforming compared to prior methods, such as noise addition or the use of generative adversarial networks (GANs).
Funding Information
  • NSF (CNS-2148141)
  • Keysight Technologies through the 6G@UT Center within the Wireless Networking and Communications Group (WNCG) at The University of Texas at Austin
  • Army Research Office (W911NF2310062)
  • Office of Naval Research (N00014-24-1-2542)

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