Professional Bereavement in Nursing: An Evolutionary Concept Analysis

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Abstract
Aims: Clarify and define the concept of professional bereavement in nursing.Design: Rodgers' evolutionary method was used to identify the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of professional bereavement in nursing.Data Sources: Literature from inception to May 20, 2024, was searched from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Medline, EBSCO host, Proquest, Ovid, and Cochrane.Reporting Methods: The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were adopted.Results: The 32 articles included in the study provided data on the concept of professional bereavement in nursing. We propose the concept of professional bereavement in nursing as follows: Professional bereavement in nursing is the experience of a patient or colleague's death in the workplace, influenced by contextual, internal, and external factors. Nurses perceive personal and professional losses, exhibit a multidimensional liminal state, and experience personal impacts (life and worldview) and professional impacts (health‐related productivity and professional ability).Conclusions: We developed a preliminary conceptual model of professional bereavement in nursing based on its attributes, antecedents, and consequences. This conceptual model promotes the development of theories related to professional bereavement.Impact: This is the first article to clarify and define professional bereavement in nursing. We have clarified the antecedents, attributes, and consequences of professional bereavement, which provides a conceptual framework for understanding professional bereavement. The conceptual framework guides the content of interventions and suggests future professional bereavement interventions from a dialectical perspective.Patient or Public Contribution: Not applicable.

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