Evaluation of a Mental Health Care App–Based Fatigue Management Program for Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Remission: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

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Abstract
Background: Fatigue remains a major unresolved issue affecting the quality of life of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), even during clinical remission. Scalable psychological approaches are needed to support effective fatigue management. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a multicomponent mobile cognitive behavioral intervention package for fatigue management among patients with IBD in remission and to explore factors associated with engagement with the intervention and its effectiveness. Methods: This was an open-label, waitlist-controlled randomized controlled trial. Eligible participants were adults (≥18 years) diagnosed with Crohn disease or ulcerative colitis who met remission criteria and had at least mild fatigue. Participants were randomized 1:1 using stratified block randomization based on disease type, sex, and baseline fatigue severity. The intervention was a multicomponent mobile intervention package centered on a 7-week cognitive behavioral therapy–based educational course, supplemented by adjunctive support messages. The primary outcome was fatigue, measured using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy—Fatigue (FACIT-F), and the secondary outcome was self-efficacy, measured using the 13-item Inflammatory Bowel Disease Self-Efficacy Scale Short Form (IBD-SES13). A sample size of 175 participants per group was required. Results: Recruitment of participants began on July 28, 2025, and ended on February 24, 2026. A total of 502 patients with IBD in clinical remission agreed to participate and were assessed for eligibility. Among them, 351 met the eligibility criteria and were randomized, while 151 (30.0%) had FACIT-F scores of 40 or higher and were excluded. Currently, follow-up is ongoing. The clinical outcome data will be analyzed after follow-up is completed, and the results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2027. Conclusions: This study may contribute valuable knowledge regarding participant engagement and the potential impact of a multicomponent mobile cognitive behavioral intervention package on fatigue in patients with IBD. The findings will support future refinement of the intervention and inform large-scale evaluations and implementation efforts.

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