Evaluation of Rosuvastatin Solution in Post-Extraction Alveolar Bone Repair: An In Vivo Research Study

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Abstract
Statins have demonstrated positive results in alveolar repair after induced osteoporosis in humans and rats. This study aimed to evaluate the osteogenic potential of rosuvastatin (RSV) solution associated with collagen sponge in post-extraction rat alveoli. An experimental study was carried out at the Fluminense Federal University in 30 Wistar rats (female) randomly distributed into three experimental groups: group I—dental sockets filled with a blood clot (CS); group II—dental sockets filled with collagen sponge (EC); and group III—collagen sponge associated with RSV. Slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) were used for histomorphometric analysis to evaluate newly formed bone, connective tissue, and biomaterial in the respective groups, comparing them over different periods (7 and 42 days). The Shapiro–Wilk test was used to evaluate the same experimental period, and the Mann–Whitney test was used to compare the different periods between the groups. At 7 days, the clot group showed greater new bone formation (median 23.27; IQR 10.62–4.74) than the sponge group (median 2.25; IQR 3.42–1.53) and RSV group (median 0; IQR 0–0; p = 0.03), respectively. At 42 days, the clot group (median 63.90; IQR 7.54–3.73) showed better results regarding newly formed bone compared to the RSV group (median 26.33; IQR 4.78–2.24; p = 0.003). The present study demonstrated no advantages in the use of RSV in relation to the control group and no statistical difference between groups II and III.

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