Alleviating Effect of a Magnetite (Fe3O4) Nanogel against Waterborne-Lead-Induced Physiological Disturbances, Histopathological Changes, and Lead Bioaccumulation in African Catfish
Authors:
- Afaf N. Abdel RahmanARAfaf N. Abdel Rahman
- Basma Ahmed ElkhadrawyBEBasma Ahmed Elkhadrawy
- Abdallah Tageldein MansourAbdallah Tageldein Mansour
- Heba M. Abdel-GhanyHAHeba M. Abdel-Ghany
- Engy Mohamed Mohamed YassinEYEngy Mohamed Mohamed Yassin
- Asmaa ElsayyadAEAsmaa Elsayyad
- Khairiah Mubarak AlwutaydKAKhairiah Mubarak Alwutayd
- Sameh H. IsmailSameh H. Ismail
- Heba H. MahboubHMHeba H. Mahboub
Open Access
Abstract
Heavy metal toxicity is an important issue owing to its harmful influence on fish. Hence, this study is a pioneer attempt to verify the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of a magnetite (Fe3O4) nanogel (MNG) in mitigating waterborne lead (Pb) toxicity in African catfish. Fish (n = 160) were assigned into four groups for 45 days. The first (control) and second (MNG) groups were exposed to 0 and 1.2 mg L−1 of MNG in water. The third (Pb) and fourth (MNG + Pb) groups were exposed to 0 and 1.2 mg L−1 of MNG in water and 69.30 mg L−1 of Pb. In vitro, the MNG caused a dramatic drop in the Pb level within 120 h. The Pb-exposed group showed the lowest survival (57.5%) among the groups, with substantial elevations in hepato-renal function and lipid peroxide (MDA). Moreover, Pb exposure caused a remarkable decline in the protein-immune parameters and hepatic antioxidants, along with higher Pb residual deposition in muscles and obvious histopathological changes in the liver and kidney. Interestingly, adding aqueous MNG to Pb-exposed fish relieved these alterations and increased survivability. Thus, MNG is a novel antitoxic agent against Pb toxicity to maintain the health of C. gariepinus.Keywords
Funding Information
- Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (PNURSP2023R402, GRANT 3867)
- King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia (PNURSP2023R402, GRANT 3867)
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