Dietary iron intakes and odds of iron deficiency anaemia among pregnant women in Ifako-Ijaiye, Lagos, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

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Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in pregnancy is a prominent risk factor for maternal mortality and poor pregnancy outcomes in low-and middle-income countries, but studies on the significance of dietary iron intake (DII) in IDA in this population are limited. This study assessed the association of DII with odds of IDA among pregnant women attending primary health centres in Ifako-Ijaiye, Lagos, Nigeria. METHODS: sociodemographic information and dietary intakes were assessed among 432 singleton pregnant women (without pre-existing medical complications) using a pre-tested questionnaire and 24 hr-dietary recall, respectively. Dietary iron intake was derived from the 24 hr-dietary recall using the West African food composition table. Haemoglobin (Hb) levels in blood samples were measured using the haemoglobin-cyanide technique, and IDA was defined using the World Health Organization criteria. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (OR) of IDA and 95% confidence intervals (CI) by energy-adjusted tertiles of DII were estimated using logistic regression with a two-sided P

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