Microscopy of Cavity-Induced Density-Wave Ordering in Ultracold Gases

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Abstract
We demonstrate high-resolution in situ imaging of density-wave ordering induced by cavity-mediated interactions in a unitary Fermi gas. We observe long-range spatial correlations throughout the formation of density waves, both for adiabatic preparation and following a quench, with a pattern controlled by the cavity mode structure. Our single-shot microscopic images together with the real-time readout of the cavity photons provide access to atom-photon correlations. We use this capability to investigate order fluctuations as a function of time following a quench and to directly confirm the correspondence between optical and atomic observables. Our system opens rich perspectives, from local patterning to correlation measurements in long-range interacting quantum gases.
Funding Information
  • Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation (MB22.00063)
  • Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation (20QU-1_215924)
  • Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (200020E_217124)
  • École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

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