Clinical characteristics of chronic adenoiditis in children aged 3–6 years with probiotic support

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Abstract
Background . The prevalence of chronic tonsil diseases is constantly increasing among children of different ages. To date, the treatment of pediatric patients with chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract remains controversial and requires new therapeutic approaches. Aim . To study the clinical and anamnestic characteristics of chronic adenoiditis in children aged 3-6 years and to evaluate the effectiveness of including a probiotic drug in postoperative rehabilitation. Methods. A total of 100 children aged 3–6 years with chronic inflammatory processes of the nasopharynx were examined. The patients were divided into 2 comparable groups, depending on the treatment and rehabilitation measures received. A parent survey was conducted to assess the severity of clinical symptoms before treatment and 30 days after adenotomy. Results. The frequency and duration of viral infections in children with chronic adenoiditis were assessed. Before surgery, 62 % of children had acute respiratory infections (ARIs) once every 2 months or more, and 62 % had ARI episodes lasting more than 7 days. According to the survey results, after treatment there was a statistically significant decrease in the frequency of the following symptoms in children in both study groups: difficulty in nasal breathing, snoring, cough, and bad breath. In the main group, there was a marked decrease in the intensity of nasal breathing difficulty (by 84 %) and in the frequency of sleep disorders (by 58 %) after probiotic treatment. Conclusion . The post-treatment survey data demonstrate regression of clinical symptoms in both groups. However, with respect to symptoms such as decreased intensity of nasal breathing and reduced frequency of sleep disorders, higher therapeutic efficacy was observed when a probiotic was used as an adjunct to adenotomy.

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