The complete chloroplast genome sequences of Korean native Veronica subgenus Pseudolysimachion species (Part I): V. longifolia and V. pusanensis

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Abstract
The genus Pseudolysimachion (Plantaginaceae) is currently considered a subgenus of Veronica, though its independent status is still debated. In Korea, Veronica subgenus Pseudolysimachion is diverse, including widespread Veronica longifolia (formerly Pseudolysimachion longifolium) and endemic Veronica pusanensis (formerly Pseudolysimachion pusanensis), both valuable for horticulture. Despite chloroplast genome utility in plant phylogenetics and breeding, complete chloroplast genome data for these key species were absent. To address this gap, we sequenced, assembled, and characterized the complete chloroplast genomes of V. longifolia and V. pusanensis. The complete chloroplast genomes of V. longifolia (152,237 bp) and V. pusanensis (152,250 bp) displayed typical quadripartite structures and encoded 133 genes (88 protein-coding, 37 tRNA, 8 rRNA). Phylogenetic analysis strongly supported the monophyly of the Veronica subgenus Pseudolysimachion clade, which is nested deeply within the genus Veronica. Our findings provide essential genomic resources that clarify phylogenetic relationships within the subgenus and contribute significantly to the broader taxonomic resolution of the tribe Veroniceae. These results firmly establish the taxonomic positions of the Korean endemic species, V. longifolia and V. pusanensis, and offer crucial genomic insights into speciation patterns and evolutionary trends within the genus, thereby supporting future plant breeding and germplasm utilization strategies.
Funding Information
  • Korea National Arboretum (KNA 1-5-1-24-1)

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