The Cytochalasans: A New Class of Biologically Active Microbial Metabolites

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Abstract
A series of cytostatically active metabolites have been isolated from microorganisms in recent years. These compounds, which are chemically closely related, are of a new structural type. A highly substituted hydrogenated isoindolone unit is fused to an 11‐ to 14‐membered macrocycle. The large ring may be carbocyclic or heterocyclic (lactone or carbonic diester). The absolute configurations of two cytochalasans (phomin and a cytochalasin D derivative) have been established by X‐ray analysis. The biogenesis of phomin (cytochalasin B) is broadly known, and it is probable that all cytochalasans have a common biogenetic scheme. All the compounds of this class have a more or less pronounced specifically cytostatic action.

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