Chiral Chromatography and Determination of Chiral Molecules: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives

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Abstract
Chirality plays a vital role in the lives of humans, plants, and animals because various proteins, amino acids, hormones, enzymes are chiral in nature. It is important in different areas such as agriculture, medicine, food, and chemical industries. Chiral compounds may have varying pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic parameters, as well as pharmacological and toxic characteristics. Because of their advantages in terms of potency and safety, enantiomerically pure chiral compounds are increasingly being developed by the pharmaceutical industry. This is reinforced by the development of novel methods for enantioselective chiral chemical synthesis as well as the ability of enantioselective analytical methods to identify and quantify small enantiomeric impurities in the presence of a significant excess of another enantiomer. This work aims to offer a short overview on the essential principle of chiral separations on a quantitative scale through this article. In addition, this article includes various types of chiral stationary phases and their applications. Furthermore, gas and liquid chromatography are also discussed as analytical methods used for the separation of chiral compounds.

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