Will Generative Artificial Intelligence Deliver on Its Promise in Health Care?

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Abstract
Since they became publicly available in late 2022, generative artificial intelligence (genAI) tools such as ChatGPT have elicited enormous enthusiasm, as well as concern, in all sectors of the economy. But the potential impact of genAI in health care seems particularly noteworthy. In a field in which an estimated 30% of the $4.3 trillion spent each year in the US adds little to no value,1 in which many tens of thousands of people die yearly from preventable mistakes,2,3 and in which access to care is fragmented and inequities are commonplace, it is natural to be enthusiastic about the potential for genAI to improve quality, efficiency, equity, and patient experience.

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