Exploring miRNA Inhibiting Therapeutic Strategies for Multiple Sclerosis: Insights from Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Studies – A Traditional Review

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Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease in which immune cells attack the central nervous system (CNS) and cause degeneration of the myelin sheath. Although disease-modifying therapies are commonly used in the treatment of MS, these therapies cannot fully prevent or reverse the course of neurological deterioration. Furthermore, the response of patients with MS to these drugs may vary from person to person and over time. Therefore, the demand for new and more effective treatments continues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have the potential to alter biological processes that lead to various diseases. Hence, dysregulated miRNA levels are thought to be associated with the pathogenesis of MS. Considering the regulatory role of miRNAs in both the CNS and immune response, many studies have proposed them as potential new therapeutic targets for MS in addition to being potential biomarkers. In this traditional review, the primary focus is on miRNA-based therapeutic approaches, followed by a compilation of studies that utilized miRNA therapy to inhibit upregulated miRNAs in the animal model of MS, known as Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE).

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