Comparative Study of Springback in Different Sheet Metal Alloys and Thicknesses in V-Shaped Bending Process

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Abstract
The V-bending process is one of the most important operations in sheet formation, which is influenced by a number of different factors. The phenomenon of springback is a well-known issue within the field of sheet metal forming, resulting in compromised dimensional accuracy and reduced operational efficiency. The objective of this research is to analyse and compare the springback properties exhibited by different types of sheet metal alloys (aluminium alloy 6061-T6, stainless steel 304, and low-carbon steel) with thicknesses (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3) mm. The springback angle of each sample is subsequently evaluated quantitatively using a measuring machine of coordinate. A regression model is developed to predict the incidence of springback by using the variables of material properties and forming conditions. The results suggest that there is a significant variability in the springback phenomena, which is influenced by the particular alloy and thickness of the material. Specifically, the low-carbon steel has got the least springback, followed by SS 304, and Al 6061-T6. The thickness of the material has the greatest influence on the process (54%), followed by the type of material (37%). In contrast to the largest thickness of 3 mm, the maximum value of reflectivity is found in all three materials employed in this investigation, the smallest thickness of 0.5 mm provides the least amount of springback.

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