Directionally controlled 3D ferroelectric single crystal growth in LaBGeO_5 glass by femtosecond laser irradiation

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Abstract
Laser-fabrication of complex, highly oriented three-dimensional ferroelectric single crystal architecture with straight lines and bends is demonstrated in lanthanum borogermanate model glass using a high repetition rate femtosecond laser. Scanning micro-Raman microscopy shows that the c-axis of the ferroelectric crystal is aligned with the writing direction even after bending. A gradual rather than an abrupt transition is observed for the changing lattice orientation through bends up to ~14°. Thus the single crystal character of the line is preserved along the bend through lattice straining rather than formation of a grain boundary.

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