Addressing Physical, Functional, and Physiological Outcomes in Older Adults using an Integrated mHealth Intervention “Active for Life”: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

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Abstract
Objective: We evaluated components of an integrated, mobile health-based intervention “Activate for Life” (AFL) on health outcomes in lower-income older adults (≥ 60 years). Methods: AFL incorporates balance (Otago; OG), physical strength (Gentle Yoga and yogic Breathing; GYYB), and mental engagement (Behavioral Activation; BA) components. Thirty participants were randomly allocated to one of three study arms (n=10): OG (Arm 1), OG+GYYB (Arm 2), or OG+GYYB+BA (Arm 3; a.k.a. “full AFL”). Participants were evaluated for physical, functional, and physiological endpoints at baseline and post-intervention (12-weeks and/or 3-month follow up). Results: Improvements in pain interference and 1,5- anhydroglucitol biomarker levels over time were noted for all arms. No significant changes were observed for other physical, functional, or physiological measures. Discussion. This study illustrates potential benefits of the AFL intervention on the health of lower-income older adults. Lessons learned from this pilot trial will inform design improvements for a large-scale randomized controlled trial. Keywords: Aging; Pain; Fatigue; Intervention; Physical activity; Low income; Mobile health

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