Unipolar stroke, electroosmotic pump carbon nanotube yarn muscles

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Abstract
Pump it up: Carbon nanotube yarns can be used as electrochemical actuators because infiltration with ions causes a contraction in length and an expansion in diameter. Either positive or negative ions can cause this effect. Chu et al. constructed an all-solid-state muscle that eliminated the need for an electrolyte bath, which may expand the potential for its use in applications. By infiltrating the yarns with charged polymers, the fibers start partially swollen, so the length can increase through the loss of ions. It is thus possible to increase the overall stroke of the muscle. Further, these composite materials show a surprising increase in stroke with scan rate. Science , this issue p. 494
Funding Information
  • Australian Research Council (FT130100380)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (91648109)
  • National Research Foundation of Korea (2012R1A3A2048841)
  • National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research (2017YFB0307001)
  • Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (G20212006001)
  • Air Force Office of Scientific Research grant (FA9550-18-1-0510)
  • Robert A. Welch Foundation Grant (AT-0029)
  • DARPA SHRIMP program (HR001119C0042)
  • National Research Foundation of Korea by Creative Materials Discovery Program (2015M3D1A1068062)
  • Alfred Deakin Postdoctoral Research Fellowship

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