Jennifer Tiffen

Patient simulation is increasingly used in the education of healthcare providers, yet few studies have compared simulation to other teaching modalities. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in knowledge acquisition and student satisfaction between two methods of teaching the principles of mechanical ventilation to advanced practice nursing (APN) students: high-fidelity patient simulation (including face-to-face instruction) versus an online, narrated PowerPoint presentation. Twenty APN students were randomized to either the simulation or online teaching method in this pre/posttest study. Measures included a 12-item knowledge questionnaire and a 5-item satisfaction survey. Both groups had significant improvement in knowledge scores from pretest to posttest, but knowledge scores were not significantly different at posttest between groups. Student satisfaction with their learning method was significantly higher in the simulation group. Students choosing to participate in the alternative teaching method after study completion preferred the simulation to the online method.

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide, with significantly higher rates in developing areas, especially in Africa, the Caribbean, and Latin America (Parkin, Bray, Ferlay, & Pisani, 2005). In contrast, incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer in the United States have declined significantly among women of all ethnic and racial groups; it is not among the top 10 leading causes of new cancer cases in women (American Cancer Society [ACS], 2006b; Edwards et al.,2005).

Endometrial cancer, cancer of the lining of the uterus, is the most common gynecologic malignancy in the United States, with an estimated 40,880 new cases diagnosed in 2005 (American Cancer Society [ACS], 2005a). Fortunately, mortality rates for endometrial cancer are relatively low, with 96% of women living five years or longer after being diagnosed with localized disease. Most women (72%) are diagnosed with localized disease (Ries et al., 2002) because early-stage, localized disease most often presents with abnormal uterine bleeding, leading many women to seek prompt medical attention, ultimately resulting in early detection (ACS, 2005a).

Ovarian cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality among women. Previous research has shown that initial ovarian cancer screening has the potential to cause depressive symptoms among women at increased risk for the disease but no study has evaluated depressive symptoms shortly after screening. This article explores depressive symptoms prescreening and postscreening in women returning to participate in an ovarian cancer early detection program. Seventy-two women, with a mean age of 48, most with a family history of ovarian cancer and/or a personal history of breast cancer, completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) immediately prior to screening and 1 week following. CES-D scores at prescreening (13%) were significantly lower than previously reported. No statistical differences in CES-D scores before and after screening were found, although 75% of women with elevated pre-CES-D scores had scores below the cutoff at postscreening. Although our numbers are lower than reported in previous studies, they are important because they emphasize the need for continued assessment of individuals who may be at greater risk for psychological distress related to cancer screening. Internationally, nurses play an important role in the recognition and support of patients undergoing cancer screening.