Salimaxon Fazilovna Aripova

A number of secondary phenolic metabolites identified with previously characterized substances usnic acid (1), rhein (2), and chrysophanol (3) are isolated for the first time from the Xanthoria elegans lichen collected in the Namangan region of Uzbekistan (Pop district, Chadak village). The obtained usnic acid has a different melting point than that reported earlier in the literature; so the substance was studied by XRD. The difference from the known data is that the isolated usnic acid crystallizes in the P2₁/c space group, meaning that both (S) and (R)-enantiomers participate in the crystallization process. The presence of a migrating hydrogen atom established experimentally by the difference EP synthesis method and the analysis of valence bond lengths show that the usnic acid molecule can exist in the crystal in the form of two equilibrium keto and enol tautomers. An in vitro study on four cancer cell lines reveals that the extract of X. elegans exhibits slight cytotoxicity against the CCRF-CEM T-lymphoblastic leukemia cell line.

For the first time in our country, alkaloids from the plant Ziziphys jujube Mill, native to Uzbekistan, have been studied. Six alkaloids were isolated from leaves collected in the garden of the R.R. Schroeder Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture (Tashkent Region, Tashkent District). Of these, the alkaloids yusifin and yuzirin are new, while the alkaloids asimilobine, norizoboldine, and isoboldine were discovered for the first time in this plant.

The composition and content of fatty acids of oils obtained by Soxlet extraction (method 1) and ultrasonic extraction (method 2) from seeds of Roemeria hybrida growing in the Republic of Uzbekistan were studied by gas chromatography. As a result of the conducted studies, the presence of 12 unsaturated and saturated fatty acids was found in neutral lipids, and 15 in glycolipids and phospholipids. The content of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids in the oil obtained by method 1 is 87.90 and 12.10%, and in the oil obtained by method 2 – 87.84 and 12.16%, respectively. The main component of neutral lipids is linoleic acid, in the oil obtained by method 1, its content reaches 70.89%, and in the oil obtained by method 2 – 71.05%. The main saturated fatty acid of neutral lipids is palmitic acid, the content of which, depending on the type of extraction, is 9.64 and 9.57%. The content of polar lipids in seed oil was also determined, while during Soxlet extraction, polar lipids were obtained in greater quantities than during ultrasonic extraction. Glycolipids predominate in polar lipids. Glycolipids and phospholipids are characterized by saturated fatty acids, the main component of polar lipids is palmitic acid. Roemeria hybrida seed oil based on the analysis and fatty acid content close to Papaver somniferum seed oil.