Raj Nath Yadava

Two potential allelochemicals(A) m.f. C₃₃H₄₀O₂₀, m.p. 274-276^oC, [M⁺] 756, and B, m.f. C₃₄H₄₂O₂₂, m.p. 257-259°C, [M⁺] 802 have been isolated from an ethanolic extract of the roots of Xanthium strumarium Linn. alongwith two known compounds Cirsilineol (C) and Isoorientin (D). The structure of the two allelochemicals have been characterized as 5,7,8,3' tetra hydroxy 4' methoxy flavone-5-O-α-L-rahmnopranosyl-7-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl (1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and 3, 5, 3', 5' tetra hydroxy 7,4' dimethoxy flavone-3-O-α-L-rhmnopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-O-β-D-galactopyranoside by various, chemical degradations, colour reactions and spectral analysis. The antioxidant activity of above two compound A and B was carried out by DPPH radical scavenging method. The findings suggested that both the compounds are used as antioxidant agents.

A new bioactive triterpenoid saponin 3β-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl(1 → 3)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl]-lup-12-ene-28 oic acid-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl ester compound (A), was isolated from the methanolic fraction of the roots of this plant by various colour reactions, chemical degradations and spectral analysis. Compound (A) showed anti-inflammatory activity.

A new triterpenoid saponin, 3-O-[β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl]-oleanolic acid; has been isolated from the seeds of Lactuca scariola. Its structure was determined by various spectral analysis and chemical degradations. This compound shows antimicrobial activity against various bacteria and fungi.

A novel bioactive isoflavone glycoside 4′,5,6,7-tetrahydroxy-8-methoxyisoflavone-7-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside from the methanolic extract of the leaves of Enhydra fluctuans Lour. Its structure A was elucidated by various spectral analysis and chemical degradations. This compound exhibited microbial activity against various bacteria and fungi.

A new bioactive flavone glycoside was isolated from the methanol soluble fraction of the flowers of Butea monosperma O. Kuntze, which was identified as 5,7-dihydroxy-3,6,4'-trimethoxyflavone-7-O-alpha-L-xylopyranosyl-(1-->3)-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->4)-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside (1) by several colour reactions, chemical degradations and spectral analysis. The compound 1 shows antimicrobial activity against various fungal species.

Melilotus indica All. [Chopra, R.N., Nayar, S.L. and Chopra, I.C. (1956) Glossary Indian Med. Plants, 164 C.S.I.R. Publication New-Delhi; Kirtikar, K.R. and Basu, B.D. (1935) Indian Medicinal Plants, 2nd Ed., Vol. I, pp. 703–704 Lalit Mohan Basuan Co. Allahabad. The Wealth of India (1962) A Dictionary of Raw Materials and Industrial Products, Vol. VI, pp. 329–331 (C.S.I.R. Publication: New-Delhi)] belongs to family Leguminosae, which is commonly known as ‘Banmethi’ in Hindi. It is found in North India, extending into S. Persia, S. Europe and the Tropical zone of India. The seeds are used as an anthelmintic, an antipyretic, for curing heart diseases, bronchitis, leprosy, bowel complaints and infantile diarrhea. The plant has also been used as a discutient, emollient, and as a fomentation. It is also useful in a plaster for swelling. It is considered astringent and narcotic. Earlier workers have reported the presence of C-glycosides [Sayed, E.L., Ishak, M.S. and Mabry, T.J. (1997) Asian J. Chem., 9, 551], methylene-dioxypterocarpan (MIS₆) [Saxena, V.K. and Nigam, S. (1997) Fitoterapia, 68, 343–345], pterocarpane (MIS₂) [Saxena, V.K. and Nigam, S. (1996) J. Institution Chem. 68, 122–125] and prenylated pterocarpan [Saxena, V.K. and Nigam, S. (1997) Fitoterapia, 68, 403–407] from this plant. Here, we report the isolation of the new flavone glycoside 5,7,4′-trihydroxy-6,3′-dimethoxyflavone-7-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl(1→6)-O-β-d-galactopyranoside (1) from the seeds of this plant.

A new biologically active flavonol glycoside (1) mp 264–265°C, C₃₂H₃₈O₂₀, [M]⁺ 742 (EIMS) has been isolated from the methanol-soluble fraction of the defatted seeds of Psoralea corylifolia (Linn.). It was characterised as the new flavonol glycoside 3,5,3′,4′-tetrahydroxy-7-methoxyflavone-3′-O-α-l-xylopyranosyl(1→3)-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl(1→4)-O-β-d-galactopyranoside by several colour reactions, spectral analysis and chemical degradations. Compound 1 showed anti-microbial activity against various bacteria and fungi.

A potential antiviral flavone glycoside has been isolated from the seeds of Butea monosperma O. Kuntze and its structure determined as 5,2′-dihydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxyflavone-5-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1) by various spectral analysis and chemical degradations.