Tobias Edbom

BUSA är ett nationellt kvalitetsregister för BehandlingsUppföljning av Säkerställd ADHD för barn och vuxna. Har idag drygt 6000 patientregistreringar och nästan 200 anslutna enheter. BUSA gör det möjligt att följa kvalitetsindikatorer som kan ligga till grund för att förbättra vården. Resultat på några sådana indikatorer presenteras från en satsning 2012 med syfte att öka registrets täckningsgrad. Det framkommer bland annat att för nästan alla patienter registreras de mätvärden som enligt riktlinjerna bör följas vid läkemedelsbehandling av ADHD. Däremot finns indikationer på att för en relativt stor andel av patienterna är läkemedelsbehandling den enda pågående behandlingsinsatsen. Det är anmärkningsvärt eftersom läkemedel enligt flera riktlinjer bör vara ett komplement till den behandling som ska ges till patienten.

Scand J Caring Sci; 2010; 24; 541–547 High sense of coherence in adolescence is a protective factor in the longitudinal development of ADHD symptoms The key feature of salutogenesis is that good health can be directly sustained by positive factors. The Sense of Coherence (SOC) scale was developed by Antonovsky as a measure related to the concept of salutogenesis including aspects of comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness. Aim: The aim was to investigate whether Sense of Coherence can serve as a salutogenetic factor modifying the long‐term development of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptoms. Subjects and methods: Twin study of Child and Adolescent Development (TCHAD) is a longitudinal study of all twin pairs born in Sweden between May 1985 and December 1986. The present project is a sub‐sample of 312 individuals (135 boys and 177 girls). At 16 years of age, the young persons and their parents were interviewed with K‐SADS especially symptoms of ADHD. The young person also completed the SOC questionnaire. At 21 years of age, the young person completed a questionnaire about symptoms of ADHD. Findings: Higher (worse) ADHD scores at 16 years of age were associated with higher (worse) ADHD scores at 21 years of age. However, this relationship was stronger for lower (worse) SOC. A higher (better) SOC at 16 years was associated with lower (better) ADHD at 21 years and this relationship was stronger for higher (worse) ADHD at 16 years. Conclusion: A high Sense of Coherence in adolescence was a protective factor for the long‐term development of ADHD.

PROBLEM: There are conflicting research data regarding the relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and low self‐esteem.METHODS: A person‐oriented approach was used to study the relationships between ADHD symptoms and self‐esteem in a longitudinal study of twins starting when they were 8 years old. A cluster analysis was performed at age 13 using five subscales from a self‐esteem questionnaire.FINDINGS: High scores of ADHD symptoms were linked to profiles characterized by lower scores in the domains “skills and talents” and “psychological well‐being”.CONCLUSION: Children with high scores of ADHD symptoms often have specific problem profiles of self‐esteem.

To study the long-term relationship between symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and the developing self-esteem in a population-based sample of twins. The cohort is all twin pair families born in Sweden between May 1985 and December 1986 (n = 1.480). Wave 1 took place in 1994 when the twins were 8 years old and wave 2 in 1999 when the children were 13 years old. In wave 1 and 2 the parents completed questionnaires regarding ADHD-symptoms about their children. In wave 2 the twins completed a questionnaire about self-esteem and Youth Self Report (YSR). ADHD-symptoms and self-esteem were analyzed in the total study group. There was a long-term relationship between high scores of parental-reported ADHD-symptoms at 8 and 13 years of age and low scores in measures of self-reported self-esteem at 13 years of age. In the cotwin control method controlling for YSR internalizing problem, paired comparisons within the twin pairs revealed that a high score of ADHD-symptoms at age 8 was related to significantly lower scores at age 13 in the self-esteem. The long-term relationships between ADHD-symptoms and a low self-esteem in a population-based sample were confirmed by the co-twin analyses.

Aim: To study the long‐term relationship between symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and the developing self‐esteem in a population‐based sample of twins. Methods: The cohort is all twin pair families born in Sweden between May 1985 and December 1986 (n = 1.480). Wave 1 took place in 1994 when the twins were 8 years old and wave 2 in 1999 when the children were 13 years old. In wave 1 and 2 the parents completed questionnaires regarding ADHD‐symptoms about their children. In wave 2 the twins completed a questionnaire about self‐esteem and Youth Self Report (YSR). ADHD‐symptoms and self‐esteem were analyzed in the total study group. Results: There was a long‐term relationship between high scores of parental‐reported ADHD‐symptoms at 8 and 13 years of age and low scores in measures of self‐reported self‐esteem at 13 years of age. In the cotwin control method controlling for YSR internalizing problem, paired comparisons within the twin pairs revealed that a high score of ADHD‐symptoms at age 8 was related to significantly lower scores at age 13 in the self‐esteem. Conclusions: The long‐term relationships between ADHD‐symptoms and a low self‐esteem in a population‐based sample were confirmed by the co‐twin analyses.