Inocêncio DE Sousa Gorayeb

O número total de ínstares larvais de Pantophthalmus kerteszianus foi determinado através de estudos morfológicos e biométricos. O segundo ínstar larval de P. kerteszianus é descrito, o último ínstar larval e a pupa são redescritos. As larvas foram coletadas em árvores de paricá (Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum) no município de Paragominas, Pará, Brasil. Depois de coletadas, as larvas e pupas foram mortas em água fervente, conservadas em álcool 70%, identificadas, medidas e estudadas morfologicamente. O número total de ínstares larvais foi determinado por técnicas baseadas na regra de Dyar (1890), apoiadas em medidas dos seguintes caracteres: comprimento do corpo, largura máxima do corpo, diâmetro máximo do espiráculo protorácico, diâmetro máximo do espiráculo anal, distância da margem do espiráculo protorácico até a cerda inferior, distância da margem do espiráculo protorácico até a margem protorácica, largura da faixa mediana do protórax e distância entre os espiráculos anais. Através dessas medidas foi possível estabelecer que P. kerteszianus possuisete ínstares larvais; esta espécie é, até o momento, a única que tem o número de ínstares larvais determinado. São fornecidas fotografias e desenhos das larvas e pupas, bem como das estruturas mais importantes tratadas nas descrições.

The biting midges Culicoides Latreille, 1809 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) is highly relevant to epidemiology and public health, as it includes species that are potential vectors of human and animal arboviruses. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of RNA viruses in species of the genus Culicoides collected in the Carajás mining complex in the state of Pará. The biting midges were collected in the municipalities of Canaã dos Carajás, Curionópolis and Marabá and morphologically identified. A total of 1139 specimens of seven Culicoides species were grouped into eight pools and subjected to metagenomic analysis. Eight new insect-specific viruses (ISVs) were characterized and assigned to the order Tolivirales, the families Chuviridae, Nodaviridae, Iflaviridae, Mesoniviridae, and Flaviviridae, and the taxon Negevirus. All viruses identified were assigned to clades, families and taxa never reported in Culicoides in Brazil. This study demonstrated that biting midges harbor a significant diversity of RNA viruses, many of which are still unknown, highlighting the importance of studies aiming at virome of these insects.

A new species of Sarcophagidae, Peckia (Peckia) veropeso sp. nov., is described based on adult male specimens collected on organic residues in an urban open air market located on the riverside in Belém, Pará state, Brazil, and in a nearby inundated forest. This species seems to be restricted to periodically inundated riparian habitats locally known as “várzea”. The distiphallus of this species is similar to that of members of the monophyletic hilifera (Aldrich)-group in the subgenus Peckia Robineau-Desvoidy. It is distinguished from the other species in the subgenus by characteristics of the male terminalia, mainly in the shape of cercus and vesica. A modified key to species of the subgenus Peckia is included.

The last instar nymph of Anacroneuria singularis Righi-Cavallaro & Lecci is described and figured from reared specimens collected in Para State, Brazil, a new locality record for Brazil. The nymphs of this species differ from other known species by the uniformly dark brown anterior of the head and the ochraceous spots of the pronotum.

Nymphs of Macrogynoplax delicata Ribeiro-Ferreira & Froehlich, 1999, M. pulchra Ribeiro-Ferreira & Froehlich, 1999, and E. froehlichi Ribeiro-Ferreira, 1996 were associated with adults by rearing and described for the first time. The known distribution of each species has been increased.

The genus Pityocera Giglio-Tos is revised based on examination of external morphology and genitalia of type material and specimens from Brazilian and foreign institutions. Five currently valid species in three subgenera are recognized: P. (Elaphella) cervus (Wiedemann, 1828); P. (Pityocera) festai Giglio-Tos, 1896; P. (Pseudelaphella) nana (Walker, 1850); P. (Pseudelaphella) nigribasis Fairchild, 1964; P. (Pseudelaphella) patellicornis (Kröber, 1930). Five new species are described: P. (Pseudelaphella) barrosi Gorayeb & Krolow sp. nov. (Brazil: Mato Grosso do Sul); P. (Pseudelaphella) gorayebi Limeira-de-Oliveira & Krolow sp. nov. (Brazil: Maranhão, Tocantins and Bahia); P. (Pseudelaphella) pernaquila Gorayeb & Krolow sp. nov. (Brazil: Pará and Rondônia); P. (Pseudelaphella) rhinolissa Krolow & Henriques sp. nov. (Brazil: Pará, Maranhão, Tocantins, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul; Bolivia: Santa Cruz); P. (Pseudelaphella) ecuadorensis Buestán & Krolow sp. nov. (Ecuador: Manabí, Guayas, Santa Elena and Loja). We provide diagnosis, descriptions, redescriptions, distribution records, illustrations and discussion for all species, as well as a key for identification of species.

Nymphs of three species of the genus Anacroneuria Klapálek, 1909, A. marlieri Froehlich, 2001; A. minuta Klapálek, 1922, and A. manauensis Ribeiro-Ferreira, 2001 are described. The associations of nymphs with adults were made by rearing. The known geographical distribution in Brazil of these three species was expanded.

Elephantotus, a new genus of Tabanidae from the Amazon coast, Brazil, is described based on a new species E. tracuateuensis. Five females were collected in Pará State, and a male in Maranhão State. Arguments are presented for separating the new genus from Dasybasis, as well as the possibility of its occurrence being related to the nesting sites of coastal birds. The new species is characterized by its large size (x = 2.15 cm, n = 5 females), glabrous eyes, reddish-brown tegument, light brown frontal callus not touching the edges of the eyes, extending up to the vertex that has traces of ocelli, basal plate of the antennal flagellum with obtuse angle, without a tooth or spine, wings hyaline, with brown basal cells, without appendix in the fork of vein R4 +5, and genital furca wide with extended flaps.

Philipotabanus (Mimotabanus) henriquesi sp. nov. é descrita e ilustrada baseada em 30 fêmeas e dois machos coletados em vegetação de Cerrado, nos municípios de Carolina, Alto Parnaíba e Mirador, região sul do estado do Maranhão, Brasil. Este é o primeiro registro de uma espécie do subgênero no Brasil

Dichelacera (Dichelacera) gemmae sp.n. is described based on 28 females collected in open vegetation of 'cerrado', in Carolina municipality, South of Maranhão state, Brazil.