Haiko Hense

O desenvolvimento de novos produtos lubrificantes com óleos vegetais pode ser visto como uma mudança para diminuir o impacto e desenvolver um produto biodegra...

Freezing of poultry cuts in continuous convective air blast tunnels is normally performed with the products protected by Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) as a primary packaging and using Corrugated Cardboard Boxes (CCB) as secondary packaging. The objective of this work was to investigate the influence of these secondary packaging on the freezing of poultry cuts in continuous convective air blast tunnels. The study was performed by replacing CCB with Perforated Metal Boxes (PMB) in order to remove the packaging thermal resistance. The assays, performed in a industrial plant, demonstrated that CCB used commercially for meat freezing have a high heat transfer resistance. Their replacement with PMB can lead to shorter freezing times and spatially homogeneous freezing. Reductions of up to 45% in the freezing times were observed using PMB. The plateau of the temperature curve, related to the freezing time of free water, was significantly reduced using PMB, which is accepted to lead to better product quality after thawing. As the products were protected by the LDPE films as primary packaging, their appearance were not affected. The results presented in this work indicate that replacing CBB with PMB can be an excellent alternative to reduce freezing time and improve freezing homogeneity in industrial air blast tunnels, which could also be applied to other products.O congelamento de cortes de frango em túneis convectivos é normalmente realizado com o produto envolto por filmes de polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD, embalagem primária) e acondicionado em caixas de papelão (CP, embalagem secundária). O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da embalagem secundária no congelamento dos cortes de frango. Para isso, compararam-se as curvas de congelamento do produto processado acondicionado em caixas metálicas perfuradas (CMP), que praticamente eliminam a resistência térmica da embalagem secundária, com as curvas de congelamento do produto nas CP. Os ensaios, realizados em uma planta industrial de processamento de aves, indicaram que as CP possuem uma grande resistência térmica e que a substituição delas por PMB pode resultar em maior homogeneidade espacial do processo de congelamento e em tempos de processo 45% inferiores. A duração do patamar de temperaturas que caracteriza a etapa de solidificação foi sensivelmente reduzida, o que favorece a obtenção de produtos congelados de melhor qualidade. A aparência dos produtos congelados em CMP não foi afetada, devido à proteção oferecida pelo PEBD. Assim, a substituição das caixas de papelão por caixas metálicas perfuradas pode ser uma excelente alternativa para reduzir o tempo de congelamento e melhorar sua homogeneidade espacial em túneis industriais

Rosemary leaf extracts were obtained by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and Soxhlet extraction. Their chemical compositions were evaluated by GC-MS. The extracts were analyzed for compounds reported in the literature as showing antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The rosemary extracts were tested with regard to antioxidant (DPPH radical scavenging and total phenolic content - Folin-Denis reagent), antibacterial (Gram-positive bacteria - Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 - and Gram-negative bacteria - Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853) and antifungal (Candida albicans) activities. Antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities of the SFE extracts were confirmed. Extratos das partes aéreas de alecrim foram obtidos utilizando fluidos supercríticos (FSC) e extrações Sohxlet. Sua composição foi analisada com GC-MS. Os extratos foram analisados com base nos compostos repostados na literatura como tendo atividade antimicrobiana e antioxidante. Os extratos de alecrim foram testados quanto à atividade antioxidante (radicais DPPH e conteúdo total de fenólicos - reagente Folin-Denis), antibacteriana (bactérias Gram-positivas: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 e Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778, e bactérias Gram-negativas: Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 e Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853) e antifúngica (Candida albicans). As atividades antioxidantes, antibacterianas e antifúngicas dos extratos de FSC foram confirmadas

Parboiled rice bran oil was obtained with supercritical CO2 at temperatures and pressures varying from 25 to 60ºC and from 150 to 250 bar, respectively. This study was divided into two different parts: initially, the experiments were carried out with one separation step. In the second part, experiments were performed with two separators in series. The temperatures and the pressures of the first separator were 25 and 40ºC, and 100 and 150 bar. The second separator was maintained at 2ºC and 25bar. This procedure results in the precipitation of rice bran oil with different concentrations of tocols in the first and second separators. The extracts obtained were analyzed by HPLC to verify the presence of tocopherols and tocotrienols. Unlike other vegetable oils, rice bran oil contains a larger amount of tocotrienols, specially gamma-tocotrienol, than of tocopherols. Finally the extraction curves were modeled by Sovová's method