Current Organizations / Institutes

The organizations/institutes from the scholar's latest article


Bernhard G. Humm has a total of 105 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:


Latest Publications

  • Open Access

    Innovations and emerging trends in applied machine intelligence

    by Bernhard G. Humm, Johannes Busse, Steffen Castle, Rolf Fricke, Markus von der Heyde, Thomas Hoppe, Dave Raggett, Anatol Reibold, Rigo Wenning, Fiona Zender

    The article presents selected insights from the tenth Dagstuhl Workshop on Applied Machine Intelligence, highlighting recent advances in generative, knowledge‑based, and hybrid AI. It discusses how generative AI is reshaping creative and editorial workflows. The workshop also examined the limitations of LLMs in explanation tasks and quality assurance, emphasising the need for trustworthy, domain‑sensitive and hybrid approaches that combine neural and symbolic methods. Further contributions explore agentic AI as an emerging paradigm for business information systems and revisit abductive reasoning to better integrate formal inference with human‑centred modelling. Together, these perspectives illustrate how hybrid AI can address current shortcomings and support reliable, transparent and domain‑aligned applications across sectors.

  • Open Access

    An Industry-Ready Machine Learning Ontology

    by Bernhard G. Humm

    This article presents an industry-ready ontology for the machine learning domain, which is named “ML Ontology”. While based on lightweight modelling languages, ML ontology provides novel features including built-in queries and quality assurance, as well as sophisticated reasoning. With ca. 700 individuals that define key ML concepts and ca. 5000 RDF triples, ML Ontology ranks among the largest domain-specific ontologies for ML. An experiment to estimate the correctness and completeness of ML terminology included in ML Ontology indicates an F1-score of 0.83. A benchmark evaluating query performance reveals query response times far below 100 ms even for complex queries and memory consumption below 3.5 MB. Its industry-readiness is demonstrated by benchmarks as well as two use case implementations within a data science platform. ML Ontology is open source and published under an MIT license.


  • Open Access

    An Industry-Ready Machine Learning Ontology

    by Bernhard G Humm

    This article presents an industry-ready ontology for the machine learning domain, which is named “ML Ontology”. ML ontology is comprehensive, provides good performance and is extensible and adaptable. While based on lightweight modelling languages, ML ontology provides novel features including built-in queries and quality assurance, as well as sophisticated reasoning. Its industryreadiness is demonstrated by benchmarks as well as two use case implementations within a data science platform.

  • Open Access

    Process Anomaly Detection in Cyber–Physical Production Systems Based on Conditional Discrete-Time Dynamic Graphs

    by Christian Goetz, Bernhard G. Humm

    Various types of anomalies can arise in cyber–physical production systems, caused by either faulty devices or incorrect processes. Anomalies within individual devices can often be detected by applying machine learning techniques to the respective produced multivariate time series. While this data typically shows temporal and spatial changes and can therefore be efficiently utilized by models, detecting anomalies within the process is often more challenging, as process data usually only consists of events, binary signals, or changes in unique process states. Due to the low variance of data, existing anomaly detection methods struggle to detect anomalies effectively and accurately. To address this challenge, in this paper, we propose a novel concept for process anomaly detection based on conditional discrete-time dynamic graphs. Through the conditional connections of the graph, essential characteristics can be generated and utilized to effectively train machine learning models to detect anomalies in the process data. Identified anomalies can be related to the current graph, facilitating transparent and explainable detections. By evaluating the concept against process data from an industrial unit and achieving an F1-Score of 0.96 and 1 for the realized repetitive processes, the accuracy and effectiveness of the concept can be demonstrated.


  • Open Access

    A Hybrid and Modular Integration Concept for Anomaly Detection in Industrial Control Systems

    by Christian Goetz, Bernhard G. Humm

    Effective anomaly detection is essential for realizing modern and secure industrial control systems. However, the direct integration of anomaly detection within such a system is complex due to the wide variety of hardware used, different communication protocols, and given industrial requirements. Many components of an industrial control system allow direct integration, while others are designed as closed systems or do not have the required performance. At the same time, the effective usage of available resources and the sustainable use of energy are more important than ever for modern industry. Therefore, in this paper, we present a modular and hybrid concept that enables the integration of efficient and effective anomaly detection while optimising the use of available resources under consideration of industrial requirements. Because of the modular and hybrid properties, many functionalities can be outsourced to the respective devices, and at the same time, additional hardware can be integrated where required. The resulting flexibility allows the seamless integration of complete anomaly detection into existing and legacy systems without the need for expensive centralised or cloud-based solutions. Through a detailed evaluation within an industrial unit, we demonstrate the performance and versatility of our concept.


  • Open Access

    New trends in applied machine intelligence

    by Bernhard G. Humm, Lothar B. Blum, Johannes Busse, Sophie Decher, Michael Dembach, Christian Goetz, Thomas Hoppe, Lukas Kaupp, Anne Schwerk, Eva Seidlmayer, et al.

    This article presents new trends and applications in generative artificial intelligence (AI) and knowledge-based AI. Foundations and applications of large language models (LLMs) are presented, such as classifying hate speech, easy-to-read language, and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). The important aspect of user experience (UX) for AI systems is elaborated. Finally, AI solutions in different industry sectors are presented, in particular life sciences, the energy sector, and the manufacturing industry.


  • Open Access

    Einführung in hybride künstliche Intelligenz

    by Knut Hinkelmann, Thomas Hoppe, Bernhard G. Humm

    Zusammenfassung: Künstliche Intelligenz hat als eigenes Forschungsgebiet ihren Ursprung in der Dartmouth-Konferenz von 1956. Dort haben sich Computer- und Kognitionswissenschaftler, Mathematiker, Psychologen und Ingenieure zum ersten Mal mit der Frage beschäftigt, ob Computer so programmiert werden können, dass sie intelligentes Verhalten simulieren. Die jüngsten Erfolge von Large-Language-Modellen scheinen dies zu bestätigen. Experten im Bereich des Deep Learnings bezweifeln jedoch, dass komplexere neuronale Netze und immer größere Datenmengen ausreichen, um die Defizite erlernter Modelle zu beseitigen. Hybride Ansätze, die erlernte Modelle mit wissensbasierten Verfahren kombinieren, können hier die Lösung sein. Sie befinden sich bereits in der Anwendung resp. anwendungsnahen Entwicklung.


  • Open Access

    Anomalie-Detektion in der verarbeitenden Industrie

    by Christian Götz, Bernhard G. Humm

    Zusammenfassung: Angetrieben durch den Aufschwung der künstlichen Intelligenz, die Veränderung der Industrie, bedingt durch die Digitalisierung und den Klimawandel, befindet sich auch die verarbeitende Industrie in einem starken Umbruch. Dabei spielen intelligente, sichere und vollautomatisierte Produktionssysteme eine entscheidende Rolle. Fehler innerhalb solch eines komplexen Systems können sich auf den gesamten Prozess auswirken und in einem beschädigten Produkt, einem Ausfall der Produktion oder in einer Verschleppung des Fehlers durch das gesamte System resultieren. Anomalien können hierbei als mögliche Fehlerindikatoren dienen. Durch die frühzeitige Erkennung von Anomalien besteht die Chance, rechtzeitig auf diese zu reagieren, um so eine Entstehung oder die Übertragung eines Fehlers auf die gesamte Produktion zu verhindern. Eine effektive Anomaliedetektion ermöglicht es daher einen fehlerfreien Produktionsprozess zu realisieren und ist damit für die Entwicklung von intelligenten und sicheren Produktionssystemen essenziell. Um eine vollständige Anomaliedetektion zu realisieren, muss nicht nur die Erkennung von Anomalien in jedem integrierten Gerät garantiert werden, sondern auch innerhalb der Produkte, der Interaktionen und Abhängigkeiten und in den globalen Zuständen des Systems. Basierend auf den reinen Daten, welche von dem Produktionssystem geliefert werden, ist dies kaum möglich, weshalb externes Wissen über das System in die Anomaliedetektion mit einbezogen werden muss.

  • Open Access

    Ontologie-basiertes AutoML

    by Alexander Zender, Bernhard G. Humm

    Zusammenfassung: Machine Learning (ML) ist in aller Munde als derzeit prominentestes Teilgebiet der künstlichen Intelligenz (KI). Zahlreiche ML-Anwendungen sind im täglichen Einsatz, von digitalen Assistenten über Entscheidungsunterstützungssysteme bis hin zu teilautonomen Fahrzeugen. Auch werden Datenanalysen in zahlreichen Unternehmen ML-basiert durchgeführt. Aber effektive und effiziente ML-Anwendungen zu entwickeln ist höchst anspruchsvoll und erfordert eine große Expertise.