Anayit Margirit Coşkun

Objective: This study aimed to examine the parenting behaviors of mothers and fathers during the postpartum period.Methods: This descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted on 200 married individuals who had healthy babies between February 2019‐September 2020 at a hospital. This study used introductory information forms for parents, “Postpartum Parenting Behavior Scale (PPBS)” and “Marital Adjustment Scale (MAS)”.Results: Mothers had higher PPBS scores than fathers. Higher scores were observed in parents who intentionally had children, married for love, had income exceeding expenses, younger fathers, fewer children, and high MAS scores. Fathers’ PPBS scores were lower in cases of cesarean delivery and longer marriage durations. Mothers’ scores were unaffected by marital adjustment, number of miscarriages/abortions, age at marriage, number of children, infant sex, family structure, region, residence, social security, employment status, or education level.Conclusion: Mothers had high PPBS scores, and fathers had moderate scores. Their PPBS scores were affected by their desire to have children, the manner of marriage, and income level. Additionally, that of the fathers was influenced by age, number of children, marital adjustment, and mode of delivery.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of postpartum sexual counseling provided using the Information-Motivation-Behavior (IMB) model on women's sexual health. Materials and Method: This semi-experimental study was completed with 105 people, including 55 postpartum women in the experimental group and 50 people in the control group. Postpartum sexual counseling based on Information-Motivation-Behavioral skills was given to the women in the experimental group.The Female Sexual Function Questionnaire Index (IFSF), Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), and Body Image Scale (BCS) were used to obtain the data. Results: In the repeated measurements of the experimental group made in the 2nd and 4th months postpartum; It was determined that the IFSF total score and Sexual Satisfaction subscale scores were higher than the control group and the difference between them was statistically significant. In the 4th month postpartum, the EPDS scores of the experimental group were significantly lower. BCS scores were found to be lower in the experimental group than the control group at the 2nd and 4th months. Conclusion: It was determined that postpartum sexual counseling using the IMB model positively affected women's sexual health.

Purposes This study aimed to determine the perceptions of gender and honor of students (n = 427) in various health science faculties and the relationship between those perceptions. Design and Methods An introductory information form, the Gender Roles Attitude Scale (GRAS), and the Attitude Scale for Women-Related Conception of “Honor” (ASWRCH) were used as data collection tools. Findings The students' average scores on GRAS and ASWRCH were 159.7 ± 23.1 and 104.1 ± 15.5, respectively, demonstrating that students had an egalitarian attitude and perception of honor. Conclusions Students from health science faculties, trained to provide service for healthy/sick individuals, were found to have strong egalitarian attitudes in terms of gender and perception of honor. Practice Implications Raising health sciences students, with an egalitarian approach in terms of gender and honor perception will enable them to adopt an egalitarian attitude in their personal and professional lives and to become agents of change in initiating and sustaining social change.

Amaç: Bu çalışma, sağlık alanında eğitim alan üniversite öğrencilerinin, toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin algılarını belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı özellikteki araştırma Şubat-Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında İstanbul’da sağlık alanında eğitim veren bir vakıf üniversitesinin farklı fakültelerindeki 285 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Toplumsal Cinsiyet Algı Ölçeği (TCAÖ)” ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, frekans, yüzde, ortalama, değişkenlerin karşılaştırılmasında Kruskal-Wallis ve Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması, 22.49±0.89 yıl, %76.1’i kadındır. %83.9’unun en uzun süre Marmara Bölgesinde yaşadığı, %92.6’sinin çekirdek aileye sahip ve %62.5’inin anne eğitim düzeyi en az lise mezunu olduğu saptanmıştır. Öğrencilerin ölçekten aldıkları toplam puan ortalaması, 101.2±18.9 dir, en yüksek puan ortalaması (107.3±16.9) hemşirelik öğrencilere aittir. Ölçek puanı açısından fakülte ve bölümler arasında anlamlı düzeyde bir fark bulunmamıştır. Sosyo-demografik özelliklerle TCAÖ puan ortalamaları arasında, cinsiyet açısından kadın öğrencilerin lehine ileri düzeyde anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. En uzun süre şehirde yaşama, çekirdek aileye sahip olma, annenin en az lise mezunu olması, orta ve iyi gelir düzeyine sahip olma durumlarında ölçek puan ortalaması, diğer parametrelerden yüksek olmasına rağmen aralarında anlamlılık düzeyine varan bir ilişki saptanmamıştır.Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, öğrencilerin toplumsal cinsiyet algısı olumlu bulunmuştur.

Background: Women’s fertility characteristics are affected by many different factors. Aim: To gain an awareness of fertility characteristics of Syrian refugee women and the influential factors. Methods: This study was planned as a cross-sectional study to determine the efficiency and related factors of Syrian refugees living in Istanbul. The survey of 300 refugee women applying Arabs who migrated to Turkey, Kurds, Turkmen and Yezidi origin they receive. Results: Average age of the women studied was 34.26 ± 10.15, 34.6% of the participants had not received any education, 37% had less than two-year inter-pregnancy interval, 58.6% have not received “Safe Motherhood” service, 43.6% have conceived their last child unwillingly. Women in the study group had in average 3±2,4 children and the number of children they wanted was 3±1,59. These values were substantially affected negatively by the women’s education level and positively by the income level. Yezidis had significantly more children than other ethnic groups and did not have a “religious ban” on voluntary abortion. Conclusion: It has been noted that fertility characteristics of refugee women who migrated to Turkey changed according to their ethnic backgrounds and were sustained in the country they migrated to. Along with harsh living conditions and insufficient access to health services the situation has been observed to pose serious risks on reproductive health. Keywords: Syrian refugee woman; fertility characteristics; impacting factors.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of vaginal tampons and vaginal douche practices among women.Method: The sample of the study was consisted of 200 women who participated the Women's Health Education Program (WHEP) conducted by the Turkish Family Health and Planning Foundation in Diyarbakir, Istanbul, Kilis and İzmir. Data were collected with face-to-face interviews using a 33-item questionnaire between November 2014 and January 2016. Ethical approval was obtained from the ethics committee of Bezmialem Foundation University and written consent was obtained from the women who voluntarily participated in the study. The data were evaluated using SPSS 16.0 package program using percentage, chi-square and logistic regression analysis.Results: More than half of the participating women were using vaginal douche (56.0%), while those receiving vaginal tampons (24.5%) were fewer. Vaginal douching was most needed after sexual intercourse (39.5%) and mostly practiced with water (58.9%). It was determined that as the level of education increased, there was a decrease in the rate of vaginal douche and tampon use, even if it did not reach a significant level. Most of the women who married under the age of 18 were doing these practices more often. Of the women, 69.6% stated that vaginal douche was beneficial for health. The rate of women who had counseling from a health professional about vaginal douche was 15%, and 28.5% of women reported that they recommended this practice to others.Conclusion: A significant proportion of women were practicing vaginal douche and even more striking is that they have no awareness that this practice may be harmful. It will be important for the health professionals to give importance on this issue in their education and counseling programs for women. ÖzetAmaç: Bu araştırma kadınların vajinal tampon ve duş uygulama durumlarını belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.Yöntem: Araştırmamızın örneklemini, Türkiye Aile Sağlığı ve Planlaması tarafından yürütülen Kadın Sağlığı Eğitim Programına (KSEP) Diyarbakır, İstanbul, Kilis ve İzmir illerinden katılan toplam 200 kadın oluşturmuştur. Veriler, 33 soruluk anket formu ile Kasım 2014 Ocak 2016 tarihleri arasında birebir görüşme yöntemi ile elde edilmiştir. Çalışmanın etik kurul onayı, T.C.Bezmialem Vakıf Üniversitesi etik kurulundan ve yine çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılan kadınlardan yazılı onam alınmıştır.Veriler SPSS 16,0 paket programı ile yüzdelik,Ki-kare ve lojistik regresyon analizleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Katılımcı kadınların yarısından fazlası vajinal duş yapmaktaydı (%56,0), vajinal tampon uygulayanlar ise(%24,5) daha az sayıdaydı. Vajinal duşa en çok cinsel ilişki sonrası ihtiyaç duyulduğu ( %39,5)ve en fazla uygulamanın su ile yapıldığı (%58,9) belirlendi. Eğitim düzeyi yükseldikçe vajinal duş ve tampon uygulama oranında, anlamlı düzeye ulaşmasa da, azalma olduğu saptandı. 18 yaş ve altında evlenen kadınların büyük bölümü bu uygulamaları daha sık yapmaktaydı. Kadınların %69,6’sı, vajinal duşun sağlık açısından yararlı olduğunu belirtti. Vajinal duş ile ilgili sağlık personelinden danışmanlık alanlar %15 oranındaydı ve %28,5’i başkalarına da bu uygulamayı önerdiğini bildirdi. Sonuç: Kadınların önemli bir bölümü vajinal duş uygulamakta ve daha da çarpıcı olanı bu uygulamanın zararlı olabileceği konusunda farkındalıklarının olmamasıydı. Sağlık personelinin kadınlara yönelik eğitim/danışmanlık programlarında bu konuya özel göstermesi önemli olacaktır.

The aim of the study was to raise awareness among university students through informing about child brides, which is an important women's health issue in the world and in our country and to contribute to the development of their social responsibility awareness. This qualitative descriptive study was conducted between May 2014 and May 2015 with 30 university student volunteers and 1252 individuals they reached after obtaining their informed consent. In the first stage of the study, an interactive training program was implemented by the expert team. Visual, written documents and documentation forms they would use were introduced and these materials were given to volunteers. In the second stage, students were asked to give education to 15 individuals and 10 groups in their environment during their summer holiday. In the final stage, focus group discussion (FGD) was performed to determine the experiences of students who participated in the study and their views on the project. Quantitative data were evaluated using percentage and mean values on computer, while qualitative data were evaluated by thematic analysis. It was determined that, students gave totally 377 individual counseling and 136 group education. In the results of the FGD, students stated that they found the training program adequate, satisfying and comprehensive and that they found themselves competent enough to take their shyness away. The idea that the project reached its goal was shared, and it was stated that the people they informed were impressed and their awareness were increased. ÖzetÇalışmamız, dünyada ve ülkemizde önemli bir kadın sağlığı sorunu olan çocuk gelinler konusunda üniversite öğrencilerini bilgilendirerek farkındalıklarını artırmak, sosyal sorumluluk bilinci geliştirmelerine katkıda bulunmak amacıyla yapıldı. Mayıs 2014-Mayıs 2015 tarihleri arasında kalitatif tipte tanımlayıcı yöntemle gerçekleştirilen çalışma, gönüllü ve onamları alınan 30 üniversite öğrencisi ve ulaştıkları 1252 birey ile yürütüldü. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında, uzman ekip tarafından interaktif eğitim programı uygulandı. Kullanacakları görsel, yazılı dokümanlar, kayıt formları tanıtıldı, bu materyallerden verildi. İkinci aşamada, öğrencilerin yaz tatilinde bulundukları ortamlarda 15 bireysel, 10 grup eğitimi yapmaları istendi. Son aşamada, araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaşadıkları deneyimlerini, proje hakkındaki görüşlerini belirlemek amacıyla odak grup tartışması (OGT) yapıldı. Nicel veriler, bilgisayar ortamında yüzdelik ve ortalamalar ile nitel veriler ise tematik analiz yapılarak değerlendirildi. Öğrencilerin, toplam 377 bireysel danışmanlık, 136 grup eğitimi yaptıkları belirlendi. OGT sonuçlarında ise öğrenciler, eğitim programını yeterli, doyurucu ve kapsamlı bulduklarından kendilerini donanımlı görüp çekingenliklerini attıklarını ifade ettiler. Projenin amacına ulaştığı görüşü paylaşılırken, bilgilendirdikleri bireylerin etkilendikleri ve farkındalıklarının arttığı belirtildi.