Michel Rousseau

A growing number of studies have used virtual reality (VR) for the assessment and treatment of body image disturbances (BIDs). This study, conducted in a community sample of adolescents, documents the convergent and discriminant validity between (a) the traditional paper-based Figure Rating Scale (paper-based FRS), (b) the VR-based Body Rating Scale (eLoriCorps-IBRS 1.1), and (c) the mobile app-based Body Rating Scale (eLoriCorps-IBRS 1.1-Mobile). A total of 93 adolescents (14 to 18 years old) participated in the study. Body dissatisfaction and body distortion were assessed through the paper-based FRS, the eLoriCorps-IBRS 1.1 and the eLoriCorps-IBRS 1.1-Mobile. Eating disorder symptoms, body image avoidance, and social physique anxiety were also measured. Correlation analyses were performed. Overall, the results showed a good and statistically significant convergence between allocentric perspectives as measured by the paper-based FRS, the eLoriCorps-IBRS 1.1 and the eLoriCorps-IBRS 1.1-Mobile. As expected, the egocentric perspective measured in VR produced different results from the allocentric perspective, and from cognitive–attitudinal–affective dimensions of BIDs, with the exception of body distortion. These differences support the discriminant validity of the egocentric perspective of eLoriCorps-IBRS 1.1 and are consistent with emerging evidence, highlighting a difference between experiencing the body from an egocentric (i.e., the body as a subject) and allocentric (i.e., the body as an object) perspective. The egocentric perspective could reflect a perceptual–sensory–affective construction of BIDs, whereas allocentric measures seem to be more related to a cognitive–affective–attitudinal construction of BIDs. Moreover, the results support the validity of the eLoriCorps-IBRS 1.1-Mobile with promising perspectives of implementation among young populations.

Collaboration is considered to be a key element of inclusive early childhood practices. To ensure effective collaboration, it is important to provide facilitating conditions as teams often encounter many challenges. The purpose is to describe intersectoral collaborative experiences from the perspective of childcare centres. One hundred and fifty-four childcare educators and 94 supervisors responded to an online survey. The results show that collaboration with partners from institutions or organizations to support the inclusion of young children is perceived positively. Despite the challenges, it is seen as helpful, particularly in terms of joint intervention planning.

Objective: This scoping review aims to provide a data mapping and narrative synthesis of the available peer-reviewed scientific literature on the translation and cultural adaptation processes relative to the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) as reported by the authors. It also seeks to paint an overall portrait of the implementation of the translated and culturally adapted ASQ worldwide. Methods: Articles published between 1995 and May 11, 2018, were identified via systematic searches of peer-reviewed literature carried out using CINAHL, Scopus, MEDLINE, Education Source, PsycINFO, and ERIC. The articles included in the qualitative synthesis were coded based on an extraction form developed for the study. Results: In the 46 articles surveyed, 37 different cultural adaptations were identified in 29 languages and 27 countries. Translations were included in 33 cultural adaptations, and language modifications were reported in 18 adaptations. The forward-backward translation method was reported in 25 cases. The authors declared having made cultural content, language, visual, and/or conceptual modifications in 26 adaptations. Cultural content modifications were reported in 24 adaptations. At least one method (pilot study, individual interview, survey or focus group with respondents) was reported in 24 adaptations. Conclusion: Cultural modifications were relatively minor and were, in general, made to establish equivalence with the source version. As well, the processes used to translate and culturally adapt the ASQ varied widely based on the types of methods. Additional work should be conducted to document the process of this crucial phase.

The first objective of this study was to test the convergent and discriminant validity between the “eLoriCorps Immersive Body Rating Scale” and the traditional paper-based figure rating scale (FRS). The second objective was to explore the contribution of the egocentric virtual reality (VR) perspective of eLoriCorps to understanding body image disturbances (BIDs). The sample consisted of 53 female and 13 male adults. Body size dissatisfaction, body size distortion, perceived body size, and ideal body size were assessed. Overall, outcomes showed good agreement between allocentric perspectives as measured via VR and the FRS. The egocentric VR perspective produced different results compared to both the allocentric VR perspective and the FRS. This difference revealed discriminant validity and suggested that eLoricorps’ egocentric VR perspective might assess something different from the traditional conception of body dissatisfaction, which an allocentric VR perspective generally assesses. Finally, the egocentric VR perspective in assessing BIDs deserves to be studied more extensively to explore the possibility of finding two types of body image distortion: (a) an egocentric perceptual body distortion, referring to internal body sensation affected by intra-individual changes, and (b) an allocentric perceptual body distortion, referring to external body benchmarks constructed by inter-individual comparison occurring in a given cultural context.

A railway accident which occurred in Lac-Megantic in Quebec, Canada, caused disruption for an entire community. This study examines the psychosocial difficulties in a group of exposed adolescents aged between 11 to 17, nine months after the tragedy. The analyses were conducted on a sample of 515 adolescents, attending high school, and living near the impact area. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), mental health problems (depression, anxiety), and problem use of alcohol or drugs prevalence were estimated. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for PTSD clinical threshold. Almost half (43.4%) of adolescents reported being severely exposed to the railway accident and one third (31.3%) have reported a PTSD. Serious injuries, depression and anxiety (p < .05) were associated with greater risks for adolescents with a PTSD. However, sex, victimization, and emerging problems or problem use of alcohol or drugs are not associated with the PTSD. The results of the study highlight the relationship between a traumatic event such as the railway accident and the presence of PTSD nine months after, as well as risk factors for PTSD in adolescents. Paying close attention to mental health problems in adolescents when a traumatic event occurs and provide adequate aid is essential.

L’adolescence est souvent le berceau de plusieurs conduites déviantes cooccurrentes. La consommation de substances psychoactives (SPA) et la délinquance figurent parmi ces conduites et entretiennent des liens multiples et parfois complexes. Cette étude vise à explorer le modèle drogue-délinquance économico-compulsif auprès des jeunes. Plus précisément, elle a pour but de : 1) dresser un portrait des habitudes de consommation de SPA et de la délinquance lucrative des jeunes de l’échantillon ; 2) documenter la relation entre la gravité de la consommation de SPA et la commission de délits lucratifs ; ainsi que 3) celle entre le type de SPA consommées et la commission de délits lucratifs ; et de 4) vérifier l’interaction entre le type de SPA consommées et le genre dans la prédiction de la commission de délits lucratifs. Un instrument de mesure sur la gravité des habitudes de consommation de SPA (DEP-ADO) et un autre sur la délinquance (MASPAQ) des adolescents ont été administrés à 1447 jeunes âgés de 15 à 18 ans. Les résultats permettent d’observer en partie le modèle explicatif économico-compulsif chez les jeunes tout en lui apportant certaines nuances.

La question du réaménagement des représentations qu’un apprenant se fait du métier qu’il a choisi fait maintenant partie d’un corpus de connaissances connu sous l’appellation de la socialisation professionnelle. De manière générale, c’est a posteriori que ces réaménagements, leur amplitude et leur forme sont étudiés, en analysant les discours des représentants d’une ou de plusieurs professions. Il est, en effet, beaucoup plus rare de documenter ces mêmes réaménagements en temps réel, soit en suivant les parcours de socialisation au moment où ils se déroulent. Il est encore plus rare, également, qu’un dispositif de recherche longitudinal sur cohorte fasse l’objet d’une réplication dans un autre contexte. C’est cet exercice qui a été réalisé à dix ans d’intervalle en France, lieu de l’enquête originale, et au Québec par la suite. S’il ne nous appartient pas comme tel de tenter la comparaison des contextes français et québécois du métier de policier, en revanche, le fait de disposer ainsi de deux corpus de données d’enquête de socialisation professionnelle distincts nous donnera l’occasion de faire émerger les processus génériques communs de ce qui semble être plus spécifique à l’un ou l’autre des deux contextes.