Valéria Messingerová

The presented article presents an innovative solution of a fire-fighting adapter based on the basic hypothesis: to provide sufficient technical support in difficult terrain conditions for water transport logistics in order to quickly prevent the spread and destruction of forest fire. At present, when forest fires begin, it is often quite complicated to provide sufficient technical support for the quick prevention and elimination of fires. This fact is largely eliminated by the designed fire-fighting adapter. The mentioned fire-fighting adapter can be used as a fire-fighting mobile device with a base machine of a forest wheeled skidder (LKT), part of the long-distance transport of water in difficult terrain (lake system), a water tank in difficult terrain with the possibility of filling the Bambi bag with a helicopter, part of the long-distance transport of water in the case of a difficult water source without a forest access road network, and a mobile device for emergency transportation of materials in difficult terrain. In addition to the use for fighting forest fires, the fire adapter can also be used to provide for transport of water for forest nurseries (irrigation), freshly planted areas in the event of prolonged drought, the filling of watering-places for forest animals and filling puddles in the dry season. When designing the supporting frame, we used and imitated the evolutionary approach of nature in the form of generative design. The presented paper deals with the use of modern composite materials in the design of superstructures for base machines, which gradually acquire meaning. The main reason for the increasing use of fiberglass is to achieve higher strength and safer weight reduction. This adapter is designed for forest wheel tractors that reach 40% slope availability, are able to work on the stand area, overcome obstacles and are available in sufficient quantities in all Slovak forest areas.

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, the scientific journal of the Mendel University in Brno, Czech Republic

The paper was aimed on reforming on damage to soil caused by passage of universal wheeled tractors and forest wheeled tractors. We focused mainly on determining the changes in CO₂ content in soil after its compaction in comparison with unimpaired soil from the stand. We carried out the measurements in municipal forests of Stará Turá, in four stands, where a regeneration felling was done. We acquired data on the depth of ruts through the method of transversal profiles took samples of soil from the ruts and unimpaired stand to determine the bulk density and moisture content. We determined the content of CO₂ in stand and ruts with a Vaisala MI70 device. We selected the stands so that they would be uniform in age, terrain incline, terrain, and soil type. All of the stands had a low bearing sub – soils – flysch sandstone. This affected the rut depth after both machines passage. Rut depth indicated severe damage to the stand soil. We also observed severe differences in CO₂ content of the compacted soil. Measurements in all of the stands showed a significant increase in CO₂ content after its compression. Unimpaired soil reaches volume of 0.3% and rut soil reaches 1.8%. The compressed soils contained 6x the CO₂ of uncompressed soils. The results of statistical analysis show, that moisture content affects the CO₂ content more than bulk density. Coeficients of correlation between CO₂ and moisture content were r = 0.68 and 0.52 and between CO₂ and balk density were r = 0.26 and 0.36. Increase in moisture content causes CO₂ accumulation. Combined effects of these two characteristics are significant and show very strong correlation. There was for example r = 0.83 and independent characteristics influenced dependent on 69%. From the outcomes the measurements we can state, that the passage of mechanisms causes significant changes in the stand soil.