Anita Jakubaszek

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The article assesses the efficiency of pollutant removal at the sewage treatment plant in Goleniów after modernization of the technological system. The extension and modernization of the existing installation resulted from the need to adapt the treatment plant to accept larger loads of pollutants, improve the parameters of treated sewage discharged to the receiver, and the poor technical condition of the equipment. Before the modernization of the treatment plant, an increase in the loads of COD, BOD₅, and periodic total suspended solids in raw sewage was observed as well as a reduction in the efficiency of removing pollutants from the sewage. The efficiency of removing pollutants after modernization was in the range of BOD₅ - 94.4 ÷ 99.8%, COD - 89.3 ÷ 98.9%, total suspended solids TSS - 95.3 ÷ 99.7%, total nitrogen - 64.1 ÷ 95.4%, and total phosphorus - 75.4 ÷ 99.4%.

The article presents the results of studies aimed at determining the level of accumulation of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in parts of reeds (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.), as well as in a constructed wetland bed. The influence of the vegetative phase and dormancy of plants on the level of accumulation of biogenes in plant parts and in the bed of constructed wetland was investigated. Young plants at the stage of intensive growth were found to contain the most total nitrogen and total phosphorus. The leaves of the common reed, on the other hand, revealed the highest ability for the phytoaccumulation of nitrogen (32.21 gN/kg d.m.). Accumulation of total phosphorus in the leaves of reeds was, on average 1.54 gP/kg d.m. The results of studies on the filtration material filling the beds showed that the surface layer of up to 20 cm in depth was characterized by the highest total nitrogen content and total phosphorus content (average: 12.53 gN/kg d.m. and 3.01 gP/kg d.m.). The accumulation of these compounds decreased along with the depth of the deposit as well as in the direction of the outflow of sewage from the constructed wetland.

The article assesses the physical and chemical parameters of drinking water before and after the modernization of the technological system of water treatment station in Drzenin, Poland. The extension and modernization of the existing installation was necessary due to the poor technical condition of the devices, increasing demand for water in recent years and the periodic exceeding of the permissible values of water quality indicators. Analysis of physical and chemical properties of drinking water after the modernization of the system showed the effectiveness of the water purification processes used and the correct selection of the technological line. The obtained water quality parameters were in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Health on the quality of water intended for human consumption (Journal of Laws of 2017, item 2294).

The article presents physiochemical parameter changes in water supply network of Zielona Góra. On the basis of the obtained test results, the impact of prolonged retention of water in the network on its quality was determined, at the measuring points located on the territory of Zielona Góra. It was shown that together with an increase in distance of measuring points from Water Treatment Plant, content of mainly iron, turbidity and colour increased too. In the results analysis, it was determined that retention time and water distribution are the most significant factors in the network contributing to deterioration of water quality at measuring points.

The article analyzes the effectiveness of individual Actibloc wastewater treatment plants (produced by Sotralentz) working in the technology of low-rate activated sludge in the Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) system. The assessment of the effectiveness of household wastewater treatment plants was made on the basis of pollutants: BOD₅, COD, total suspended solids, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. The research objects were four household sewage treatment plants located in: Lubań, Kłębanowice, Stara Rzeka and Kościan. The efficiency of removing pollutants in the examined facilities was in the range of: BOD₅ 92.2 ÷ 97.2%, COD 82.6 ÷ 89.9%, total suspended solids 90.2 ÷ 96.2%, total nitrogen 50.8 ÷ 83.1%, total phosphorus 46.5 ÷ 73.6%. The treated wastewater met the requirements set out in the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment on the conditions to be met when discharging sewage into water or soil, and on substances particularly harmful to the aquatic environment (Journal of Laws 2014, item 1800) in terms of indicators such as BOD₅, COD, total suspended solids and total nitrogen. The effectiveness of phosphorus removal in the studied treatment plants was much lower.

The article characterises most frequently selected by investors individual mechanical and biological sewage treatment systems. On the basis of gathered information and technical documentation, technical and technological analysis of the devices was conducted. Assess factors include technology, structure, workflow, control, exploitation conditions, and sewage treatment system effectiveness. On the basis of conducted analysis, limited possibility of using activated sludge wastewater treatment in a flow system was established due to the difficulty of stabilizing the whole system. An optimal solution for individual wastewater treatment system are solutions of activated sludge technology in SBR system and hybrid technologies.

The paper presents results of studies concerning the designation of COD fraction in the raw, mechanically treated and biologically treated wastewater. The test object was a wastewater treatment plant with the output of over 20,000 PE. The results were compared with data received in the ASM models. During investigation following fractions of COD were determined: dissolved non-biodegradable SI, dissolved easily biodegradable SS, in organic suspension slowly degradable XS and in organic suspension non-biodegradable XI. Methodology for determining the COD fraction was based on the guidelines ATV-A 131. The real percentage of each fraction in total COD in raw wastewater are different from data received in ASM models.